Trinity's Take: Abadi's True Test - Privatization
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By yota691
A new international classification .. Iraq is one of the upper middle income economies
2020-08-29 07:34 Shafaq News / The World Bank considered on Saturday that Iraq is one of the economies with higher middle income, indicating that these economies consist of 56 countries .
The bank said in a report seen by Shafaq News Agency that "Iraq is one of the economies with upper middle income," indicating that "these economies range in terms of per capita gross national income between $ 4,046 and $ 12,535 ."
"These economies consist of 56 countries, in addition to Iraq, they also consist of Albania, Argentina, China, Jordan, Brazil, Turkey, Lebanon, Libya, Malaysia, South Africa and Thailand, " he added.
He pointed out that "low-income economies are those that have a per capita national income of 1035 and included 29 countries including Eritrea, Yemen, Sudan and Syria," noting that "the high-income economies consist of 83 countries, including Qatar, the UAE and Bahrain from Arab countries, Italy, Austria and Germany . "
The World Bank classifies countries in the world into four groups - low-income, lower-middle-income countries, upper-middle-income countries, and high-income countries. It is estimated on the basis of gross national income per capita at the current US dollar rate.
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By yota691
Iraqi Prime Minister discusses economic reform efforts with a representative of the World Bank mission
Iraqi Prime Minister, Mustafa Al-Kazemi, during his meeting with the Special Representative of the World Bank Mission in Iraq, Ramzi Numan May 12, 2020 03:35 PM Mubasher: The Iraqi Prime Minister, Mustafa Al-Kazemi, received today, Tuesday, the Special Representative of the World Bank Mission in Iraq, Ramzi Numan .
Ways have been discussed to coordinate work between the Iraqi government and international institutions to overcome the economic crisis, according to a statement of the Information Office of the Prime Minister.
Al-Kazemi also discussed with the Special Representative of the World Bank Mission in Iraq work to launch economic reform efforts, which would encourage investment and reconstruction, enhance the service reality, and provide job opportunities .
The former Iraqi Minister of Planning, Nuri Sabah Al-Dulaimi, received on April 28 last , the representative of the World Bank in Iraq, Ramzi Numan, and his accompanying delegation.
During the meeting, a number of issues of common concern were discussed, and ways of strengthening national efforts facing the emerging epidemic of the Corona Virus pandemic.
Noaman affirmed that the World Bank is ready to provide possible support and restructure the loans granted to Iraq, in a way that contributes to protecting the vulnerable sectors of society.
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By Butifldrm
Analysis .. The world is approaching the fourth wave of debt
February 09, 2020 03:07 PM
Mubasher - Ahmed Shawky : Amidst the World Bank warning of a massive wave of debt escalating all over the world, it is not clear who will be affected the most.
But if the countries most vulnerable to the brunt of the debt wave, from the UK to India, do not act soon, they may face severe economic damage, according to Kyushik Paseo, a former World Bank economist, through an analysis published by Project Syndicate.
Over the past decade, the global economy has seen a steady accumulation of debt, now reaching 230 percent of global GDP, with the fact that the last three debt waves have caused a major economic recession around the world.
The catastrophic past of debt
The first debt wave was in the early 1980s, after 10 years of low borrowing costs that enabled governments to expand their balance sheets considerably, interest rates began to rise, making debt service increasingly unsustainable.
Mexico was the first victim, as the US government and the International Monetary Fund were informed in 1982 that they could no longer pay their debts.
This had a domino effect, as 16 Latin American countries and 11 least developed countries outside the region eventually rescheduled their debt.
In the 1990s, interest rates were again low, raising global debt again.
The crash came in 1997, when the fast-growing but financially vulnerable East Asian economies - including Indonesia, Malaysia, South Korea and Thailand - experienced a sharp slowdown in growth and their currency rates plunged, thus extending effects to all parts of the world.
But emerging economies are not alone vulnerable to such meltdowns, as demonstrated by the 2008 US mortgage crisis.
By the time everyone discovered what the mortgage crisis meant, American investment bank Lehman Brothers had collapsed, causing the worst crises and recessions since the Great Depression.
The fourth wave of debt
The World Bank recently warned that the fourth debt wave may exceed in its first three waves, as emerging economies whose debt-to-GDP ratio reached a record low of 170 percent are particularly vulnerable.
As in previous cases, the debt crisis increases due to lower interest rates, while anxiety will start as soon as interest starts to rise.
The reality is that the mechanisms of such crises are not well understood, but research conducted by "Stephen Morris" and "Mortar Song Shin" in 1998 about the mysterious origins of currency crises, and how they are transmitted to other economies, shows that a "financial tsunami" can make the situation go beyond a source the crisis.
How the source of the financial crisis could fade has been illustrated in the delightful short story "Ranam Kurtva" by the famous Indian writer, Shibram Chakraborti.
In this story, the desperate Chipram asks an old school friend, Harsha, to lend him 500 rupees ($ 7) on Wednesday with a promise to pay the deposit the following Saturday.
But Chibram is wasting money, so when he comes on Saturday, he has no choice but to ask another school friend, Jopar, for a loan of 500 rupees, to pay it back next Wednesday.
Chipram uses the money to pay off his debts to Harsha, but when he comes on Wednesday he has no way to pay off Jopar’s debt, so he reminds Harsha that he paid off his debts on time and therefore borrowed from him again.
This becomes customary as Shibram repeatedly borrows from a friend to pay off his debts to the other, and Shibram then clashes with Harsha and Jobar one day.
After a moment of anxiety, Chipram proposes an idea that every Wednesday Harsha should give “Jopar” 500 rupees, and every Saturday the latter must give the same amount to the first.
Shepram assures his former friends at school that this will save him a lot of time and change nothing for them, and he will disappear in the crowds of the city "Kolkata" in India.
The UK and India are a model of the crisis
So who are the potential "Harsha" and "Jobar" in today's debt spree? According to the World Bank, they could be any country with domestic vulnerabilities, a large fiscal balance sheet, and a heavily indebted population.
There are many countries that fit this description and run the risk of becoming the channel that carries the fourth debt wave of the global economy.
Among the advanced economies, the UK is a clear candidate, and in 2019 Britain barely avoided recession, recording the weakest pace of growth in any period not seen since the 1945 recession.
Britain's conservatives have also promised big increases in commercial investment, and this is unlikely, but instead it will be a debt wave.
Among emerging economies, India is particularly vulnerable, as in the 1980s the Indian economy was somewhat protected, and consequently the debt wave had little impact at that time.
At the time of the East Asia crisis in 1997, India had just begun to open up and thus experienced some slowdown in growth.
By the time of the debt wave in 2008, the country had become globally integrated and severely affected, but its economy was strong and growing at almost 10 percent annually, and recovered within a year.
But India’s economy today faces one of the deepest crises of the past 30 years, with growth slowing sharply and unemployment at the highest level in 45 years, almost no export growth over the past six years, and per capita consumption in the agricultural sector over the past five years.
Add to this a highly polarized political environment, and therefore it is no wonder that investor confidence is rapidly declining.
It is not too late for countries to build "walls" to protect against the debt tsunami, while while India's political problems will take time to resolve, the new budget may be an opportunity to take precautionary action.
The fiscal deficit must be controlled in the medium term, but the government will be prudent in adopting an expansionary fiscal policy now, with funds directed to support infrastructure and investment, and if managed properly, could boost demand without increasing inflationary pressures and strengthening the economy in order to cope with the debt wave.
https://www.mubasher.info/news/3586473/تحليل-العالم-يقترب-من-الموجة-الرابعة-للديون/
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By DWS112
Iraqi-Egyptian meeting to discuss the mechanism of reopening Rafidain branch in Cairo
14/10/2019
Economy News _ Baghdad An Iraqi delegation has held an extensive meeting with the Egyptian delegation to discuss arrangements for reopening the Rafidain branch in the Egyptian capital, Rafidain Bank said Monday.
"An Iraqi delegation comprising the Undersecretary of the Ministry of Finance and Director General of Rafidain Bank Khawla Taleb Jabbar and a number of officials in the relevant departments and authorities discussed in a meeting in Baghdad with an Egyptian delegation represented by the Assistant Foreign Minister," the bank's media office said in a statement. "The mechanism and conditions for the reopening of the bank's branch in Cairo," he said.
He added that the two sides discussed the settlement of indebtedness between the two countries and the elimination of all obstacles and problems facing it and the two sides exchanged different views on the outstanding issues that hinder the opening of the branch, pointing out that the two sides stressed the need to accelerate the completion of this important event of interest. And benefit both sides and the public interest. "
Rafidain Bank is one of the main government banks with branches in neighboring countries in addition to Lebanon.
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By yota691
Deep differences stand in the way of approving the draft budget 2018 House of Representatives "Internet" Economy News Baghdad:
Large differences within the political blocs on the draft budget bill 2018, which will affect the economic policy of the government during the current year, according to specialists, expecting not to pass the budget in the coming days because of the intensity of the dispute between the decision-makers in the House of Representatives.
The Ministry of Finance instructed all ministries during the past month to cover their needs through the use of the approved exchange mechanism, which is 112 to face the non-adoption of the draft budget for 2018.
The parliamentary economic committee said that the non-adoption of the budget caused by the delay of the Council of Ministers to send a draft budget law and synchronized with the beginning of the legislative holiday.
The committee member, Najeeb Najib, said in a statement to "Economy News" that the reason for delaying the Council of Ministers to send the budget law to the House of Representatives, is the high oil prices have estimated the price of a barrel of $ 43 and now sold at $ 58, which prompted the government to reduce the deficit to 13 Trillion dinars after it was 23 trillion dinars.
Najib expressed her displeasure at the adoption of 12.6 percent of the province of the budget of 2018, saying at the same time that it was in accordance with the formula of "overwhelming".
She added that 12.6 percent is not enough to pay salaries in general, because the region needs 889 billion dinars a month to pay, while the ratio will provide 450 billion dinars only.
And on the losses resulting from the delayed adoption of the budget, the member of the Economic Committee, the losses are not large because the origin of investment expenditures set up for the establishment of service projects do not constitute more than 25% of the budget, most of which loans and some of them ratified in 2017.
Noting that the sovereign expenditure took a large part of the budget of 2018 to reach 45%, as well as the availability of degrees of employment but not able to cope with unemployment.
On the other hand, the Dean of the Faculty of Management and Economics, Mitham Laibi, in a statement to "Economy News" that "losses caused by delaying the adoption of the budget, will be based on the salary and salaries, because it is the first component of the budget, which weakens the investment side.
He added that the delay caused by the president of the conflict between the political blocs for the purposes of electoral propaganda and try each of them to review "political muscles."
"All political arguments have nothing to do with any economic fundamentals aimed at developing the Iraqi economy," he said.
The federal budget estimated at 108 trillion dinars, with a deficit of 13 trillion dinars, and saw the reduction of the share of the Kurdistan region from 17% to 12.67%.
"The first loser of the postponement of the budget is the Iraqi people, and the postponement of their ratification is a delay for the investment side and a semi-disruption of the operational side," said the head of the Iraqi Economists Association, Abdul Hussein al-Yasiri.
He explained that it is not losses by the delay is the management of the investment side and that the budget is a law on the basis of time limits, every day delay this law is lost investment opportunity on the Iraqi economy.
While more than 4 million people are employed by the private sector, many of whom depend on the budget for their work.
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