The video I have linked below is a discussion of why the electoral college was so important to the founding fathers and why it is essential to a republic as opposed to a democracy. The electoral college empowers states as opposed to a central, federal government. Our country was founded on states rights. The founding fathers determined that the states, not the national populous, would elect the president. Each state determines how it will cast its electoral votes.
The whole point was to give smaller states some additional power so they would not be dictated to by the bigger states. If it were not for this voting system it is not likely we would even have the republic we do because the smaller colonies were not about to let New York determine the elections.
While the more populous states have more electoral college votes (each state gets a number of votes equal to its total number of senators and representatives) it is not so overwhelming a number as to disenfranchise the smaller states.
For example I have done some arithmetic to show the percentage of votes both Alaska (the least populous) and California (the most populous) would have under each system.
I am using rough 2010 census figures giving Alaska a population of 710,000, California 37,000,000, and the USA about 313,000,000. There are 538 total electoral votes. Alaska has 3 and California has 55.
By popular vote:
Alaska 710,000/313,000,000 = 0.23%
California 37,000,000/313,000,000 = 11.94%
Electoral college:
Alaska 3/538 = 0.56%
California 55/538 = 10.22%
Alaska has more than twice as much "say" under the electoral system (.56% instead of .23%). California has a little less say under the electoral college system. California still has more clout than Alaska but at least not quite as much percentage-wise as it would in a democracy.
http://www.youtube.c...h?v=RWoEVM9gkpY