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Iran declares its readiness to return to all its obligations under the nuclear agreement


yota691
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2019/11/16 18:05
  • The number of readings 112
  • Section: Iraq
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Iranian official: What is happening in Iraq and Lebanon will not be repeated in Iran

BAGHDAD, Nov. 16 (Xinhua) - An adviser to Iranian President Hassan Rouhani said on Saturday that Iran is neither Iraq nor Lebanon. The US embassy has been closed for years.

"The opportunists at home and abroad have made a strategic mistake again," Hosamuddin Ashna was quoted as saying by Iranian media.

Renewed protests in Iran on Saturday to raise fuel prices, after a day of mass demonstrations in the capital Tehran and several other cities, as Iranian authorities closed the Iranian side of the Shalamcheh border crossing with Iraq in Basra.

Several Iranian cities have seen renewed protests over a three-fold increase in fuel prices, state media said.

The official IRNA news agency said on Saturday that the city of Sirjan, central Iran, was witnessing "large" demonstrations, noting that people attacked "a fuel depot in the city and tried to burn it," according to Agence France-Presse.

This comes less than 24 hours after mass demonstrations in Tehran, Shiraz, Isfahan and Tabriz, in protest against the Iranian authorities raise fuel prices, and in response to statements by President Hassan Rouhani, who defended the decision.

Activists reported late Friday that one person was killed during clashes with Iranian security forces in the city of Sirjan, which began shooting indiscriminately at the protesters, while the authorities launched a campaign of mass arrests of dozens.

Protesters in Ahvaz also cut off the "Kenitra and Tester" road, protesting the rationing of gasoline distribution and raising fuel prices, in response to the regime's arbitrary policies.

Iran on Friday began rationing gasoline distribution and increasing its prices by at least 50 percent, leading to sporadic protests and fears of rising inflation, despite official promises that revenues will be used to help needy families.

Iranian state television said the price of a liter of ordinary gasoline would increase from 10,000 riyals to 15,000 riyals, equivalent to 12.7 US cents.

On Friday, the semi-official Fars news agency said hundreds of people had protested against rising prices in areas such as the northeastern city of Mashhad, in the southeastern province of Kerman and in the oil-rich province of Khuzestan.

In 2007, angry Iranians burned gas stations and criticized the government of then-President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad for enforcing the rationing of fuel distribution.

 

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http://almasalah.com/ar/news/182259/مسؤول-إيراني-ما-يحدث-في-العراق-ولبنان-لن-يتكرر-في-إيران

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16 hours ago, yota691 said:
Release date:: 2019-11-16 13:56  99 times read
Against the backdrop of the protests, an emergency meeting of Iran's Supreme Economic Council
Iran's Supreme Economic Council held an emergency meeting on Saturday to discuss the repercussions of raising fuel prices and popular protests in the presence of the heads of the three authorities.
A member of parliament's planning and budget committee said deputies would submit an urgent bill obliging the government to cancel the decision to raise gasoline prices.
Parliament's Economic Committee member Mohamed Reza Pour Brahimi said parliament would hold a closed-door meeting with the government's economic team on Monday with the possibility of another meeting on Monday with President Hassan Rouhani to discuss the decision to ration and raise the price of fuel.
For his part, the religious authority, Ayatollah Safi Kalbaikani, expressed deep regret and concern about the rise in gasoline prices and called on parliament to intervene and cancel the decision.
The meeting follows protests across most Iranian cities since Friday, which intensified on Saturday, including the closure of major city roads and suffocating crowds as people left their cars in the streets to condemn the rise in fuel prices.
Earlier in the day, the Iranian presidency revealed that the revenues derived from the increase in gasoline prices will not enter the country's current budget, but will be used in the livelihood support system" rel="">support project for 18 million Iranian families.
On Friday, the National Iranian Oil Company (NIOC) issued a statement announcing that the price of gasoline was three times higher than the current price in the country. {0.07 dollars} per liter, while the price of a liter of super gasoline 3500 tomans {0.08 dollars} per liter.


All the gas money is supporting terrorism. 

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Internet restricted in protest-hit Iran: report

 

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Protestors attend a demonstration after authorities raised gasoline prices, in the northern city of Sari, Iran, Saturday, Nov. 16, 2019. (AP)

Updated 7 sec ago

AFP

November 17, 201908:37

590

Decision was made by the Supreme National Security Council of Iran

TEHRAN: Authorities have restricted Internet access in Iran, the semi-official ISNA news agency said on Sunday, after nearly two days of nationwide protests triggered by a petrol price hike.

“Access to the Internet has been limited as of last night and for the next 24 hours,” an informed source at the information and telecommunications ministry said, quoted by ISNA.

The decision was made by the Supreme National Security Council of Iran and communicated to Internet service providors overnight, the source added.

It came after state television accused “hostile media” of trying to use fake news and videos on social media to exaggerate the protests as “large and extensive.”

Netblocks, a website that monitors online services, said late Saturday the country was in the grip of an Internet shutdown.

“Confirmed: Iran is now in the midst of a near-total national Internet shutdown; realtime network data show connectivity at 7 percent of ordinary levels after twelve hours of progressive network disconnections,” it said on Twitter.

At least one person was killed and others injured during the demonstrations that started across the country on Friday night, Iranian media said.

The protests erupted hours after it was announced the price of petrol would be increased by 50 percent for the first 60 liters and 300 percent for anything above that each month.

https://www.arabnews.com/node/1585301/middle-east

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Khamenei dismisses deadly fuel price protests sweeping Iran

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Protestors block a road after authorities raised gasoline prices, in Tehran, Iran, Saturday, Nov. 16, 2019. AP)

Updated 14 sec ago

AFP

November 17, 201911:43

193

Policeman dies of his wounds a day after a confrontation with armed attackers in the western city of Kermanshah

One civilian was killed during demonstrations in the central city of Sirjan

TEHRAN: Iran’s supreme leader on Sunday threw his support behind a decision to hike petrol prices, a move that sparked nationwide unrest in which he said "some lost their lives.”

A policeman was killed in the western city of Kermanhshah in a clash with armed "rioters", the second confirmed death since protests erupted across Iran on Friday.

Ayatollah Ali Khamenei blamed "hooligans" for damaging property despite widespread anger at the increases and as Iranians suffer from the country’s economic woes.

Several people were also wounded and dozens arrested in two days of demonstrations that saw motorists block highways and others attack and set fire to public property.

In a speech aired on state television, Khamenei said "some lost their lives and some centres were damaged".

The protests flared hours after it was announced that the price of petrol would be raised by 50 percent for the first 60 litres (16 gallons) and by 300 percent for anything above that each month.

It is a rise many consumers can ill afford, given that Iran's economy has been battered since May last year when President Donald Trump unilaterally withdrew the US from a 2015 nuclear agreement and reimposed crippling sanctions.

The rial has plummeted, inflation is running at more than 40 percent and the International Monetary Fund expects Iran's economy to contract by 9.5 percent this year and stagnate in 2020.

The petrol pricing plan was agreed by the High Council of Economic Coordination made up of the president, parliament speaker and judiciary chief.

Khamenei said that "I am not an expert and there are different opinions but I had said that if the heads of the three branches make a decision I will support it.

"The heads of the branches made a decision with the backing of expert opinion and naturally it must be implemented," he said.

"Some people would definitely get upset over this decision... but damaging and setting fire (to property) is not something (normal) people would do. It is hooligans."

Following his speech, parliament cancelled a motion to reverse the price hike, semi-official news agency ISNA reported.

Some of the worst violence was in the central city of Sirjan, where acting governor Mohammad Mahmoudabadi said a civilian was killed and fuel stations were among the public property attacked and damaged.

In Kermanshah, a policeman died Sunday, a day after a "confrontation with a number of rioters and thugs," the provincial police chief told IRNA.

In Tehran on Saturday, protesters were seen shouting slogans and burning tyres on a street.

Similar scenes were witnessed in the cities of Shiraz, Isfahan and Bushehr, where security forces fired tear gas and water cannon at demonstrators.

Forty "disruptors" were arrested in the central city of Yazd after clashing with police, the province's public prosecutor told ISNA on Sunday. Most were not locals, he added.

Police said security forces would "not hesitate to confront those disrupting peace and security and will identify the ringleaders and field forces and confront them".

The intelligence ministry said those behind the unrest "have been identified" and that measures would be taken against them, according to ISNA.

Access to the internet has been restricted since the demonstrations broke out.

Netblocks, an internet monitoring website, said late Saturday the country was in the grip of a shutdown.

"Confirmed: Iran is now in the midst of a near-total national internet shutdown; realtime network data show connectivity at 7% of ordinary levels after twelve hours of progressive network disconnections," it said on Twitter.

It came after a decision by the Supreme National Security Council, according to a report by ISNA on Sunday.

"Upon the decision of the Security Council of Iran and communicated to internet operators, access to internet has been limited as of last night and for 24 hours," it said, quoting what it called an informed source at the information and communications technology ministry.

https://www.arabnews.com/node/1585326/middle-east

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72 hours demonstrations .. Iran without the Internet and "Khamenei" supports the rise in fuel prices

72 hours demonstrations .. Iran without the Internet and "Khamenei" supports the rise in fuel prices
Protests continue in the streets of Iran
 17 November 2019 06:15 PM

Live: The protests continued in the streets of Iran, for the third day in a row, objecting to raising fuel prices by more than 50 percent, while government officials vow to perpetrators of "acts of chaos" punishment, as described.

On Sunday morning, Supreme Leader Ayatollah Khamenei, in support of the resolution, went out on state television, saying: "I am not an expert. The three authorities in Iran, the official Mehr news agency reported.

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In his speech, Khamenei stressed that the heads of the three authorities made their decision based on careful study and therefore must be implemented, stressing some dissatisfaction with this decision, which may harm them, but at the same time condemned "acts of vandalism and burning of property," considering it from From the work of the wicked and not the citizens.

Khamenei said that some opponents of the current regime in Iran "cheered" two days ago, referring to the Pahlavi family, which the Islamic Revolution ousted from power in 1979, as well as the "Mujahedeen Khalq" opposition movement in exile, which Iran considers a "terrorist" organization, Today, Agence France-Presse "AP".

In the first move by Iranian lawmakers, they called for oversight of commodity prices after rising gasoline prices. Agence France-Presse.

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On the other hand, the escalation of demonstrations in the Iranian streets, which erupted hours after the issuance of the resolution, on Friday, killing 25 people, according to the site "Arab", citing local Iranian sources.

The wave of anger spread to set fire to the National Bank, in the city of Behbehan, southwestern Iran, and the Housing Bank, in the city of Golestan, according to Sky News Arabia.

The capital Tehran has witnessed fierce clashes between security and demonstrators in the Pasdaran highway, as well as clashes between security and demonstrators in Shoush Square, south of Tehran, and cutting streets by burning tires, Al Arabiya reported.

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And there were new demonstrations today in the cities: Dorod, Karmsar, Karkan, Ilam, Karaj, Khorramabad, Mehdişehir, Qazvin, Qom, Sanandaj, Shahroud and Shiraz, according to the official news agency "IRNA" Iranian.

"Some drivers protested the new price of gasoline, by stopping their cars and causing traffic jams," the agency said.

Severe restrictions have been imposed on the Internet since the outbreak of the protests, Netbooks, an internet watchdog, said that Iran is now shutting down the national Internet almost completely and real-time data show that the communications level is 7 percent of normal levels after 12 hours of interruption. The network is progressive, according to AFP.

"The ability of the Iranians to buy their supplies is clearly weaker since last year, when the United States withdrew from the 2015 nuclear agreement signed by Iran with major powers and the return of US sanctions, as well as high inflation, increased unemployment, low riyal and widespread corruption,"

Washington's policy of extreme pressure appears to have further hurt Iran's economy, according to Reuters.

As a result, the riyal has fallen sharply and inflation has reached more than 40 percent, and the IMF expects Iran's economy to shrink by 9 percent in 2019, followed by a recession in 2020 .

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17-11-2019 03:43 PM
 

 

 

Iraq closed two commercial outlets with Iran following protests in recent fuel prices.

Economic observers predicted that the continued suspension of ports between Iraq and Iran will activate the Iraqi trade movement with Jordan, Kuwait and Saudi Arabia.

The economist Mohammed al-Adli said: If the protests continue in Iran will stop trade between the two countries, which will make the Iraqi government looking for an alternative through the port of Trebil with Jordan, and Arar with Saudi Arabia, and Safwan with Kuwait as alternative trade outlets to meet the need of the Iraqi market.

Official sources at the Iraqi border outlets said on Sunday that Baghdad's closure of two commercial outlets with Iran came at the request of Tehran for fear of excesses targeting trade in the two commercial outlets in southern Iraq.

The source added that the implementers of Shalamcheh and Al-Shib stopped the movement of trade and travel of citizens between Iraq and Iran since the start of the protests on Saturday, pointing out that there are three other ports still working and linking the two countries, two of which are across the borders of the provinces of the Kurdistan region of Iraq.

The volume of trade between Iraq and Iran is about $ 20 billion annually, and Iraq has been a large consumer market for Iranian goods and goods since the US occupation of Iraq in 2003. (Petra)

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Washington condemns the use of lethal force against demonstrators in Iran

World | 11:52 - 17/11/2019

 
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Follow-up Balancing News

The United States expressed its support for the Iranian people in their “peaceful demonstrations” and condemned the use of force against demonstrators.
"The United States supports the Iranian people in peaceful protests against the regime," White House press secretary Stephanie Gresham said in a statement.

is over

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With the participation of Iraq .. The launch of the stock exchange and banking in Iran

10:50 - 19/11/2019
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Information / Baghdad ..

Kish Island, southern Iran, will host the 2019 Inwex International Exhibition on Stock Exchange, Banking, Insurance and Privatization with the participation of 260 local companies and 40 foreign companies from 25 countries around the world.

The sixth edition of the Inoueks International Exhibition was held from 18 to 21 November 2019 in Kish Island, and presents opportunities for the country to showcase its investment capabilities.

In a related context, 260 local companies and 40 foreign companies from 25 countries around the world will present their latest economic achievements including stock exchange, banking, insurance, privatization and investments.

Switzerland, Italy, Britain, Germany, Sweden, Russia, Malaysia, Iraq, Oman, Georgia, Kazakhstan and South Africa are among the main countries participating in the event.

Economic experts say that the Inouex exhibition in Kish will provide favorable opportunities for the international community to learn about Iran's economic potential and is a gateway to attracting foreign capital into the country. Done / 25

https://www.almaalomah.com/2019/11/19/438561/

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What if Iran changes?

One Hour Has Passed

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We must think of the forces affected by the fall of the Iranian regime in an unbiased manner and with open eyes to the facts, some of which must be hurtful, shocking and unexpected.

Some may think that the militias of the type Hezbollah, the Popular Mobilization and the Houthis are most affected by the closed horizon, but that is part of the truth and not all.

These militias will defend their existence in a vulgar manner, which may cost societies a heavy price, but they will eventually be defeated. That would not be a great event compared to the regret felt by Europe for the absence of the Iranian regime.

This is a shocking thing that many might think is a fantasy, but unfortunately it belongs to the real world. This is what the Iranian regime became aware of after the United States withdrew from the nuclear deal.

If the Iranian regime has shown some mistrust of Europe and its efforts to save it from US sanctions on the pretext of keeping the nuclear deal from total collapse, it was confident that Europe would not abandon it regardless of its aggressive policies in the region and its infringement of human rights in Iran.

Europe's eagerness to keep the Iranian regime strong, fully embodied and declared France's policy, which was and is still keen to continue its dispute with the United States on the Iranian file.

The survival of the Iranian regime without any change in its policies is a European necessity unlike what happened to Iraq, when Europe contributed twice to destroy it and the second time had a prominent role in the abolition of the state.

Iran for the international community other than Iraq. It's true. But it is also true that Iran, with its religious system, is essential for the West in general and the United States in particular.

This conclusion will not be shocking if we benefit from the benefit of the whole West from the growing sense in the region of the danger from Iran because of the policies of its expansionist system based on the principle of open and hidden hostility at all levels to the Arab countries, especially the Gulf States.

The United States and Europe have reaped huge profits, which they could not have achieved in record time, without the frivolity, foolishness, stupidity and madness of the Iranian regime, which was keen to deal with the Arabs with its ambiguous faces, national and sectarian. His language in that deal was the product of blending between the two sides. His language in dealing with the world was remarkably flexible.

The United States, through its president, has personally stated that sanctions are not intended to overthrow the regime. This was not the case when Iraq was boycotted economically, imposed a siege on it and starved its people, where it ended up toppling its political system and the destruction of its state after the occupation.

These statements constitute a commitment for the United States.

This brought new blood to the body of the system of spreading the language of death, both symbolic and realistic in the region. This is something that the West and the United States will pay little attention to in the face of an Arab silence that will continue to be questioned permanently. This is because the economic benefit that the West derives from its relationship with the Arabs is much greater than the benefit it receives while exercising the role of false witness in his relationship with Iran.

I do not think that antagonizing the West would be beneficial to the Arabs at any stage.

But democracy, which the West truly believes, allows for a margin of accountability, which can be used in a rational way without the impact of state relations on one another.

It is not true on the human, legal and moral level that the West supports a repressive and backward authoritarian regime at the expense of its values based on the principle of social justice. This is a flagrant violation of the principles of democracy.

What is required on a human level is to support the Iranian people in their uprising aimed at the departure of the religious regime whose existence has become a threat to human values before talking about its threat to world peace and stability.

The Arabs

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Trump describes his removal as "pseudo" and confirms: Republicans are at the height of their union

 
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Independent… US President Donald Trump tweeted on his personal Twitter account, describing the Iranian people as “great” and how the situation inside Iran is unstable.

 

Iran has become so unstable that the regime has shut down their entire Internet System so that the Great Iranian people cannot talk about the tremendous violence taking place within the country....

 
 
 
 

“Iran has become so unstable that the regime has completely shut down its Internet system,” Trump said in a tweet, adding that the move comes so that the great Iranian people cannot talk about the massive violence happening inside the country.

Another tweet said:…. They want transparency (0), believing that the world will not discover the death and tragedy caused by the Iranian regime! “.

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Iran has become so unstable that the regime has shut down their entire Internet System so that the Great Iranian people cannot talk about the tremendous violence taking place within the country....

 

....They want ZERO transparency, thinking the world will not find out the death and tragedy that the Iranian Regime is causing!

 
 
 
 

 

 

Many Iranian cities have been witnessing widespread protests since last week against the government after raising the prices of fuel until it reached the point of demanding the dismissal of the government in full, and the Iranian government faced protests with repression and had to cut off the Internet completely, indicating that it threatens its national security.

 
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Independent… Mike Pompeo asserted his support for Iranian protesters against the Iranian regime, noting that he has enough information to condemn repressive practices against demonstrators there.

 
 
 
 

On Twitter, Pompeo posted a Persian tweet saying, “The brave Iranian protesters! Send us your videos, photos and information about the crackdown on protests by the Iranian regime. ”

"The United States will expose the violations and punish the perpetrators," Pompeo said.

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 2019-11-22 06:40:21
 

The commander of the headquarters of the "Seal of Prophets", Major General Ghulam Ali Rashid Washington, warned of any folly in the Gulf and the Strait of Hormuz, and said that it should take responsibility to protect its soldiers there, and avoid the folly.
He said in a statement on the sidelines of the exercises "Defenders of the sky of the state 98": "The Islamic Republic of Iran did not and will not seek war, but will firmly defend the interests of the Iranian people and the country in the face of any threat.

`` As the commander of Khatam al-Anbiya headquarters, I am warning from the air defense maneuvers to the enemies of the Iranian people, especially the Americans, that the US government should avoid any folly in the region, especially the Gulf region and the Strait of Hormuz, and take responsibility for protecting the lives of American soldiers. "Statements and sending messages are not enough to prevent war, but appropriate action and behavior are required."

"Our armed forces, made up of the Islamic Republic of Iran Army and the Revolutionary Guards, using all available capability tools, and through intelligence oversight and monitoring of enemy actions, not only assess threats on a permanent basis, but are fully prepared for any defensive and offensive threat."

In the past three weeks, we have conducted large air defense maneuvers in central Iran over an area of more than 400,000 square kilometers.These maneuvers were planned and carried out by the Air Defense Forces of the Army and the Revolutionary Guards and all potentials in the country could be mobilized.

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Iran is asking Russia for a $ 2 billion loan for this reason

Economy | 07:09 - 23/11/2019

 
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BAGHDAD -
Iran has asked Russia for an additional $ 2 billion loan to finance projects, Russian Energy Minister Alexander Novak said on Saturday.
Novak said in a press statement that "Tehran has asked us a loan of about two billion dollars to finance projects including the construction of thermal power plants and hydroelectric power generation, railways and railway cars."
"Russia has loans allocated to Iran and they are asking us to raise the total value of five billion dollars," he added.

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On 11/22/2019 at 6:30 AM, yota691 said:

As the commander of Khatam al-Anbiya headquarters, I am warning from the air defense maneuvers to the enemies of the Iranian people, especially the Americans, that the US government should avoid any folly in the region

 

iran should welcome a little " Folly in the region " compared to the flat out " Mayhem in the region " iran conducts ... cheers & thanks for always bringing it Yota :tiphat:

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 2019/11/25 08:27:31
 

Iran's Revolutionary Guards commander Major General Hossein Salami on Monday threatened America, Israel, Britain and Saudi Arabia with "genocide" if they crossed the "red lines" in dealing with Iran.

"I tell America, Israel, the Saudis and Britain that you tried us in the squares and you could not respond to us," Salami said in a televised address.

"We tell you not to cross our red lines. If you cross our red lines, we will destroy you."

Demonstrations erupted in Iran last week, hours after the government announced an amendment to the gasoline subsidy system that would benefit poor families, but it is accompanied by a dramatic increase in gasoline prices at gas stations, amid a severe economic crisis. United, Israel and Saudi Arabia stand behind the protests.

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59 minutes ago, yota691 said:

LMAO!!! This idiot has more to worry about than destroying these countries. I'm sure he needs to talk big an spread his crazy rhetoric to keep him out of the gallows or being shot from the great preacher but he sounds desperate an feeble to the rest of the world... 

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Source:
 
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Qatar and Kuwait have told the United States they will join a US-led maritime alliance in response to a series of attacks on oil tankers, a US military official said on Monday.

The news "agency Reuters , " Colonel John Conklin , chief of staff of the Coalition Authority, said that " Qatar and Kuwait have already told us that they would join and then Valomr a matter of time."

The military alliance naval led by Washington in Bahrain , began its 7th day of the current month to protect shipping in the Gulf region , with the participation of six countries , along with the United States, Saudi Arabia, the UAE, Bahrain and Britain and Australia and Albania and called on the task of marine name " Sentinel " , it is expected to include the waters of the Gulf, passing through to the Strait of Hormuz towards the Sea of Oman, Right up to the Bab al-Mandab in the Red Sea .
 

Tensions in the Gulf, especially between Iran and the United States, have escalated after Washington accused Tehran of responsibility for an attack on six tankers in May and June, a charge Tehran denies .
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3 hours ago, yota691 said:
 
 
 2019/11/25 08:27:31
 

Iran's Revolutionary Guards commander Major General Hossein Salami on Monday threatened America, Israel, Britain and Saudi Arabia with "genocide" if they crossed the "red lines" in dealing with Iran.

"I tell America, Israel, the Saudis and Britain that you tried us in the squares and you could not respond to us," Salami said in a televised address.

"We tell you not to cross our red lines. If you cross our red lines, we will destroy you."

Demonstrations erupted in Iran last week, hours after the government announced an amendment to the gasoline subsidy system that would benefit poor families, but it is accompanied by a dramatic increase in gasoline prices at gas stations, amid a severe economic crisis. United, Israel and Saudi Arabia stand behind the protests.


Bring it you pig loving swine!

We’re ready to smoke your drape wearing Shiite azz!!

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Alireza Noori November 27, 2019
 
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ARTICLE SUMMARY
Tehran is launching construction work on the first of two new nuclear units in a $10 billion expansion of its power plant and has begun enriching uranium at a site formerly limited to research.
 
 REUTERS/Mehr News Agency/Majid Asgaripour
Iranian workers stand in front of the Bushehr nuclear power plant, about 1,200 kilometers (745 miles) south of Tehran, Oct. 26, 2010.
 

Iran is taking another step toward expanding its nuclear program by officially starting construction of the second unit of the Bushehr nuclear power plant.

Tehran showed it is determined to continue this program by announcing Nov. 10 it has begun expanding the commercial reactor site. On Nov. 5, it had announced it would begin enriching uranium at its Fordow plant, which under the 2015 nuclear deal (the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action, or JCPOA) was to be used only as a research facility until at least 2031.

Iran began building up its nuclear program after US President Donald Trump unilaterally pulled the United States out of the agreement in May 2018. The other participants are trying to renegotiate conditions with Iran: Russia, China, Germany, France, Britain and the European Union.

These actions are in line with the orders of Iran's supreme leader, Ali Khamenei, who on Oct. 2 said, “With utmost seriousness, we will continue reducing our JCPOA commitments." In a Nov. 15 speech, he also linked the development of Iran’s nuclear industry to the country's independence.

 

“Peaceful nuclear energy is needed by nations, but Western monopolists are seeking to keep this energy to themselves,” he said. “They oppose the Islamic Republic’s nuclear advancement to hinder Iran from gaining science, industry and nuclear capability.” 

Iran’s production capacity of low-enriched uranium has reached about 5.5 kilograms (12 pounds) a day, compared with about 450 grams (1 pound) under the JCPOA. Iran's enriched uranium stock for use in its nuclear plant has reached more than 500 kilograms, and that amount is increasing, according to the Atomic Energy Organization of Iran.

Iran signed a contract with Russia in 2014 for construction of Bushehr units 2 and 3. They are expected to be completed in 2024 and 2026, respectively. Each will be able to generate 1,050 megawatts of electric power, which means that by the end of 2026, Bushehr’s three units will produce a combined 3,114 megawatts.

Atomic Energy Organization of Iran President Ali Akbar Salehi said Iran has allocated $10 billion to build the two new units — which is more than the $7 billion it has spent on its nuclear industry over the past 25 years. Currently, about 85% of the electricity produced in Iran is generated by thermal power plants, about 10% by hydropower plants, about 3% by other sectors such as renewables, and about 2.7% by Bushehr. The plant generated almost 38.8 million kilowatt hours of electricity during its entire operation from September 2013 to August 2019. According to Salehi, electricity produced by the three units is expected to reach 20,000 megawatts, thereby increasing the nuclear share of Iran's total electricity production to 8% to 12%.

Launching construction of Bushehr’s second unit has important political dimensions. This event marks a clear shift in Tehran's policy from "strategic patience" to "active and innovative resistance.” On the one hand, this reflects Tehran's disappointment with Europe and the United States; on the other hand, it shows that despite all the pressure, Iran is moving its nuclear industry forward and its hands are not tied. Iran will demonstrate within a short time that it can shed the restrictions it had accepted under the JCPOA.

Rouhani, who is now under extreme pressure both externally and from within, can show his critics that Iran’s nuclear industry has not been shut down because of the JCPOA. The progress with Bushehr as a key symbol of Iran's peaceful nuclear program is meant by Tehran to show that US pressure is ineffective, resistance has worked well and Iran can benefit from the results. Enriching uranium and starting work on new Bushehr units emphasizes that Iran won’t yield to US pressures and can develop its nuclear program individually and with the help of its foreign partners.

Khamenei’s order to reach 190,000 separate work units supposedly was aimed at providing the nuclear fuel needed for just one Bushehr unit, though that figure is disputed.

Now, however, the need for more enriched uranium and a complete nuclear fuel cycle to provide for new reactors seems more rational. Russia currently supplies fuel for the existing Bushehr reactor. With the recent developments at Iran's nuclear facilities, especially in Fordow, Iran will be able to provide at least part of the needed nuclear fuel. Tehran emphasized that if the remaining participants in the JCPOA fail to fulfill their obligations, it can increase enrichment to meet its needs.

The expansion of Iran's peaceful nuclear activities paves the way for greater international nuclear cooperation. As Tehran officials have repeatedly stated, different countries along with Russia can cooperate with Iran’s nuclear industry. However, Russia's nuclear collaboration with Iran has its own significance.

Among the remaining JCPOA members, Russia has the most nuclear cooperation with Iran and despite US pressure has not stopped this assistance. For this reason, Iranian first Vice President Eshaq Jahangiri described Moscow's collaboration with Tehran on building the new Bushehr units as proof of Russia's commitment to its obligations. That’s why Iranian officials differentiate between Russia and the others, and direct all their criticism toward the United States and Europe.  

Iran's goal of boosting nuclear cooperation with Moscow isn’t designed to just take advantage of Russia’s scientific and technological capabilities, but also its political power to reduce US pressure. In addition, that cooperation could be a basis for expanding interactions between the two countries in other areas, including the economy, arms sales or political and security cooperation in the Middle East.

Russia's nuclear collaboration with Iran also brings a clear message to the United States in the international arena that Iran's nuclear program is not a "threat" and that Iran can use Russia as a balance against the United States. As a member of the UN Security Council and the JCPOA, Russia keeps the door open for negotiations to preserve the nuclear agreement and prevent Iran’s nuclear program from becoming a threat. In this way, Russia introduces itself as an effective mediator and an active and constructive player. With this policy, Moscow benefits from both sides, dealing simultaneously with Tehran and Washington.

Russia’s participation in Iran’s $10 billion plan to develop Bushehr also has its own economic benefits. The main contractor is Russia’s state nuclear energy corporation, Rosatom. Under the 2014 contract, Russia also agreed to build build eight new nuclear power plants in Iran.

Russia’s efforts to develop Bushehr give it a good opportunity to demonstrate its high technological capabilities in building nuclear power plants and will strengthen its position in that hot market in the Middle East and around the world. It is clear that strengthening Russia’s nuclear presence in the region will lead to its greater regional influence. By developing Bushehr, Russia shows its new clients in the Mideast that US pressure has no effect on its cooperation with its partners and that it can construct nuclear power plants at a reasonable price — and without imposing political conditions.

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Alireza Noori is an assistant professor of regional studies at Shahid Beheshti University in Tehran. His research interests focus on Iran-Russia relations and Russian foreign policy. On Twitter: @AlirezaNoori6

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