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Hatem George Hatem *: Measuring the effect of changing the dinar exchange rate against the dollar on the gap between the total sum of revenues of the Iraqi general budget and the total of its expenses -


Butifldrm
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28 minutes ago, mr.unlikely said:

And this ends today's lesson in Jeeponomics, brought to you by the makers of Sesame Street, where 2-1 still = 1.

LMAO sorry Jeep, just messing with you a little.

good morning everyone and may today be THE day.

Hahahaha , no worries !   I did not realize it went on 5 or 6 boxes in comments ...  I had been wondering , how much cash did this joker bring in , just to say , ---- the dinar values will rise when central bank makes it so , and will fluxuate with the market of need and demand ! 

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Break down on how simple this actually is.  If you change the exchange rate to 1=1 then problem solved.  The market will figure out the rest as in if the price of oil is $50/barrel then add 5% of that to the exchange rate and you get $3.50 dollars per dinar.  If the price of oil goes up so does the value of the dinar and vice versa.  The good and bad of this is when is the best time to exchange and how long will we have to exchange.

 

For those who remember and know what double knot knot math is then you are way ahead of the game.

 

See simple.  :jester:

 

SR

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2 minutes ago, SupraRacer said:

Break down on how simple this actually is.  If you change the exchange rate to 1=1 then problem solved.  The market will figure out the rest as in if the price of oil is $50/barrel then add 5% of that to the exchange rate and you get $3.50 dollars per dinar.  If the price of oil goes up so does the value of the dinar and vice versa.  The good and bad of this is when is the best time to exchange and how long will we have to exchange.

 

For those who remember and know what double knot knot math is then you are way ahead of the game.

 

See simple.  :jester:

 

SR

Ya, too bad Iraq does not like simple or quick, because they get paid the same no matter what. That's the government for ya. They should state"HCL will be retroactive" and see how quick it would be done, lol.

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1 hour ago, boosterbglee said:

The last 24 hours of this thread has been interesting to hear smart people break down Mr Hatem's article!  Thanks to all for your input, this is getting good!😎

 

I just want this to end this year at descent rate so i can quit waking up at 4AM to go to work!

Ya, me too and the terrible traffic, ECT ECT ECT.

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http://www.iraqtradelinknews.com/2018/08/20-b-surplus-to-be-added-to-iraqi-budget.html.....

SUNDAY, AUGUST 19, 2018

$20 b. surplus to be added to Iraqi budget

 
5:52 AM  ADMIN  

 

 
Baghdad/ Iraq TradeLink: ex-Iraqi Parliamentary Economic Commission disclosed that a surplus of
dollars.jpg
20 billion was achieved during the past 8 months due to the increase of oil prices.
 
MP Najeeba Najeeb pointed that the surplus should be used in a “additional budget”, but the current government has no right to use these amounts before approving the new government of the country.
 
It is expected that this figure will be added to 2019 national budget.

 

 
Posted in: Baghdad,Economy
 
 
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22 hours ago, Butifldrm said:

Hatem George Hatem *:

BY 

The research paper focuses on the first part of the research paper.  The first is to define the objectives of the research and to establish the definition it adopts for the variable in which the research is centered [...]

HATEM GEORGE HATEM

 

2 hours ago, boosterbglee said:

interesting to hear smart people break down Mr Hatem's article!

 

The Sunnis And The Shiite’s Have A Luv Hatem Relationship ! ;) 

 

He Hate Me XFL GIF - HeHateMe XFL GIFs
 
:D  :D  :D 
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5 hours ago, jeepguy said:

o kay here is the  short and sweet of the whole  deal   ------- change , from the change of what the change will be  as too what change should be after the change from the  odd change too the new change   ( The change in exchange rate is equal to the rate of change in the inverse of the exchange rate multiplied by the exchange rate
The new (that is, after you change it by Y) to the exchange rate before you change it. That is,

 see   it is  in ALL  BLACK AND WHITE  :eek:

 

You've changed my mind - oh those changes I'm going thru . . . thanx jeep guy - great stuff . . . Don't ever Change  :tiphat:

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safe_image.php?d=AQAC2FFmb2GYon0G&w=540&

Hatem Georges Hatem *: Measure the effect of changing the dinar exchange rate towards

This research paper is exclusively concerned with two things. The first is to define the objectives of research and
Install the definition that it adopts for the variable that the search is centered on, for the exchange rate of the Iraqi dinar;

The second means explaining the methodology adopted by the paper in the analysis. The second part of the paper is to clarify
The mechanism for determining the exchange rate of the dinar against the Iraqi currency in Iraq and highlighting the pivotal role in this matter
For a specific exchange rate for the Iraqi dinar, the two dinar exchange rates in exchange for the Bank's window/auction
Iraqi central and the exchange rate of the dinar according to the local market. After highlighting the importance of the dinar exchange rate for
In accordance with the Central Bank of Iraq general budget window/auction, the paper in this section tends to show those

The specificities of each side of the expenses and the expenditure side of the general budget responsible for the variation in the impact of the total
Two sides to change the exchange rate of this dinar. The paper was for the general analysis of each of these X Part III of
The effect of the change in the exchange rate of the dinar versus the Dueller in accordance with the window/auction of the central bank on either side
The general budget of Iraq after the exam is considered the specificity of all the items. And this analysis is a search to
Arriving at a number of mathematical conclusions that are useful in making appropriate decisions about the price trajectory
Exchange of the dinar in exchange for the Dueller in general and the dinar exchange rate in exchange for the Central Bank's window/auction
of Iraq in particular. In its fourth part, the paper presents a case study in which mathematical analysis is employed
On the effect of a reduction in the dinar exchange rate at the central Bank auction (09.9)% of the total

General budget for 2016, the overall total expenditure, and the deficit achieved.

This application shows that such a reduction in the exchange rate of the dinar according to the central bank auction leads to
Shrinking budget deficit B (6.23.) And in the good part, the seeker lists what he felt was the most important
Reached in this research paper.
1. Introduction

1.1 Objectives of research and definition of exchange rate
The purpose of this study is to illustrate the effect of change in the exchange rate of the dinar against the general total
The Iraqi general budget and total expenditure, and follow up on the impact of this change on the gap between these two
Variables (i.e., the deficit or surplus in the general budget). The exchange rate is known as the dinar towards any foreign currency
In this paper as the required amount of the relevant currency to buy one Iraqi dinar, or in other words
The price of one Iraqi dinar expressed in a certain foreign currency, instead of the amount required from the Iraqi dinar for the purchase
1 unit of a certain currency or unit price of a particular currency expressed in Iraqi dinars.

1
Two exchange rate definitions are available. The exchange rate is defined as the price of one unit of the local currency
Calculated or defective in the currency or amount of the Alalzmah currency to purchase one unit of the local currency. This definition
Is the most internationally adopted at the present time
Dornbusch, Roger, Stanley, Fischer and Richard Startz. Macroeconomics, Op.
cit., p. 576.
The following reference shows the motives behind the widespread use of this definition in the good years
Dunn, Robert M. Jr., and John H. Muttin. International Economics, London
and New York: Routledge, 2000, p.3

AfrikaansArabicBanglaBosnianBulgarianCantonese (Traditional)CatalanChinese SimplifiedChinese TraditionalCroatianCzechDanishDutchEnglishEstonian FijianFilipinoFinnishFrenchGermanGreekHaitian CreoleHebrewHindiHmong DawHungarianIcelandicIndonesianItalianJapaneseKlin gonKlingon (plqaD)KoreanLatvianLithuanianMalagasyMalayMaltese NorwegianPersianPolishPortugueseQuerétaro OtomiRomanianRussianSamoanSerbian (Cyrillic)Serbian (Latin)SlovakSlovenianSpanishSwahiliSwedishTahitia nTamilThaiTonganTurkishUkrainianUrduVietnameseWels hYucatec Maya
It is clear that the exchange rate of the dinar according to the second definition is just the inverse of the dinar exchange rate as defined
The wall. Accordingly, according to the definition of this exchange rate paper, the saying "reduce/raise
Exchange rate dinar "is necessarily synonymous with the saying '" Raise/decrease the inverse of the dinar exchange rate. " The equation indicates
(1) The value of the change in the inverse of the exchange rate is equal to minus
Change in exchange rate multiplied by exchange rate value before changing to value after change.
(1)................
E1
The equation codes reflect the exchange rate indices as shown below:
E0 = exchange rate before change
E1 = exchange rate after change
y = rate of change in exchange rate
x = percentage change in the inverse of the exchange rate
1.2 Research Methodology

The second definition is the inverse of the definition. According to this definition, the exchange rate represents the price of one unit of currency
The GNU is calculated or expressed in local currency or the amount of the local currency alalzmah to buy/sell a single unit of currency
The genome. This definition has been adopted in a number of scientific studies, for example the exclusive
Catoa, Luis A.V. "Return to Basics: Why Exchange Rates," Finance and
Development, September 2007, p. 48
The Central Bank of Iraq adopts the best known exchange rate in its official statistics on the exchange rate of the dinar
For example: "annual yearbook 2016 " issued by the General Directorate of LALHASAA and al-Bahath
Of the central Bank of Iraq available on the following website:

Http://www.cbi.iq/documents/Annual_ 

The paper adopts a simple mathematical analytical method that goes beyond the compulsory treatment of the education phase.
Average. As part of this research, the employment of mathematics in Aalkotsadi third analysis has important advantages. On the one hand
First, this recruitment is characterized by a clear and simple expression of the lingering between variables
Nomic provided by nomic theory to facilitate the finding of facts and conclusions is difficult (and may not be
In many of the two neighbourhoods (obtained from the during of the analysis, i.e., tantalum or verbal enrichment).
On the other hand, mathematical analysis tools allow the precise and the exact same as the revenge for change in a particular variable
On variables that are associated with either as an extended variable or as a specified variable. On the third hand, the
Mathematical expressive of the lingering between variables nomic allows the possibility of using actual data for variables
To muzzle these variables, and thus to quantify what it takes or generates, changes a variable, by the amount of
Specified or a certain percentage, a change in the variables associated with it from certain identical during or lingering causal determinants.
Mathematical analysis, like any theoretical analysis, needs to employ simplistic hypotheses. Such hypotheses
Awal allows to focus on the main elements and milestones of the topic around which the analysis is structured, and secondly, to identify
On the causal lingering of the variables, fixed and time-limited, and expressed in clear mathematical formulas
of Aalltbas and error. On the one hand, on the other hand, it is necessary to resort to additional simplistic hypotheses
When you begin to employ what is produced by the mathematical analysis of the subject from the information that reflects the causal lingering between
Nomic variables involved in the analysis of a specific economic reality for two reasons: Awal that resorting to simplistic hypotheses
The analysis facilitates capturing and containment of those landmarks of interest to the concerned that bear particular importance to the subject of the research

And that has important implications for what the analysis leads to conclusions about the lingering between variables
Research within a given economy; second, the available metadata for variables Nomic
Rarely fully correspond to the definitions in the pure form given to them by theoretical lines;
Simplistic hypotheses facilitate the adaptation of theoretical definitions of nomic variables involved with the data available, and the


Can eventually be gagged and used to quantify the effect of changes
In specific (independent) variables on variables dependent on them.
2. The mechanism for determining the exchange rate system of the dinar and its role in the general budget calculations of the Iraqi state
1.2 The mechanism for determining the exchange rate of the dinar against the Dueller and other other
According to the approved course in determining the route of the dinar exchange rates for the Omani currency, the central bank is responsible
An administrative decision to set an official exchange rate for the Iraqi dinar for the only dollar. The term price is used
Cashing the window or auction of the Central Bank of God on this official exchange rate. The central bank adopts an exchange rate
The Central Bank's window/auction to divert general budget revenues from the oil exports of the duwaller to the dinar
When deposited in the Ministry of Finance account with the central bank. Also, this window/auction exchange rate
Used by all State and public sector institutions to convert Maamaltha financial values from Duwaller to dinar
Iraq and vice versa when necessary. It is clear from the above that the window/auction exchange rate is specifically
The exchange rate and the decisive balance in the general budget accounts, not any other exchange rate of the dinar, whether
For the Duwaller or for any other foreign currency. The central bank exercises control of the dinar exchange rate against
The Doler is in the market of during the amount of Duwaller he offers for sale through his auction of the currency and in line with
Supply and demand laws. The term market exchange rate for the Dalai Lama is called the dinar exchange rate for the Duwaller

2 The local market.

From now on, the terms of the auction exchange rate and market exchange rate for the gods will be used for
The exchange rate of the dinar against the Duwaller according to the central Bank of Iraq's window/auction and according to the market, respectively.
In general, the central Bank of Iraq is distancing itself from establishing official exchange rates for the dinar towards the
Other information or interference with the exchange rate of the dinar towards other foreign market
. The exchange rate of the dinar towards the Duwaller, whether according to the Central Bank's window/auction or according to the local market,

 http://iraqieconomists.net/
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2 hours ago, dinareffic said:
safe_image.php?d=AQAC2FFmb2GYon0G&w=540&

Hatem Georges Hatem *: Measure the effect of changing the dinar exchange rate towards

This research paper is exclusively concerned with two things. The first is to define the objectives of research and
Install the definition that it adopts for the variable that the search is centered on, for the exchange rate of the Iraqi dinar;

The second means explaining the methodology adopted by the paper in the analysis. The second part of the paper is to clarify
The mechanism for determining the exchange rate of the dinar against the Iraqi currency in Iraq and highlighting the pivotal role in this matter
For a specific exchange rate for the Iraqi dinar, the two dinar exchange rates in exchange for the Bank's window/auction
Iraqi central and the exchange rate of the dinar according to the local market. After highlighting the importance of the dinar exchange rate for
In accordance with the Central Bank of Iraq general budget window/auction, the paper in this section tends to show those

The specificities of each side of the expenses and the expenditure side of the general budget responsible for the variation in the impact of the total
Two sides to change the exchange rate of this dinar. The paper was for the general analysis of each of these X Part III of
The effect of the change in the exchange rate of the dinar versus the Dueller in accordance with the window/auction of the central bank on either side
The general budget of Iraq after the exam is considered the specificity of all the items. And this analysis is a search to
Arriving at a number of mathematical conclusions that are useful in making appropriate decisions about the price trajectory
Exchange of the dinar in exchange for the Dueller in general and the dinar exchange rate in exchange for the Central Bank's window/auction
of Iraq in particular. In its fourth part, the paper presents a case study in which mathematical analysis is employed
On the effect of a reduction in the dinar exchange rate at the central Bank auction (09.9)% of the total

General budget for 2016, the overall total expenditure, and the deficit achieved.

This application shows that such a reduction in the exchange rate of the dinar according to the central bank auction leads to
Shrinking budget deficit B (6.23.) And in the good part, the seeker lists what he felt was the most important
Reached in this research paper.
1. Introduction

1.1 Objectives of research and definition of exchange rate
The purpose of this study is to illustrate the effect of change in the exchange rate of the dinar against the general total
The Iraqi general budget and total expenditure, and follow up on the impact of this change on the gap between these two
Variables (i.e., the deficit or surplus in the general budget). The exchange rate is known as the dinar towards any foreign currency
In this paper as the required amount of the relevant currency to buy one Iraqi dinar, or in other words
The price of one Iraqi dinar expressed in a certain foreign currency, instead of the amount required from the Iraqi dinar for the purchase
1 unit of a certain currency or unit price of a particular currency expressed in Iraqi dinars.

1
Two exchange rate definitions are available. The exchange rate is defined as the price of one unit of the local currency
Calculated or defective in the currency or amount of the Alalzmah currency to purchase one unit of the local currency. This definition
Is the most internationally adopted at the present time
Dornbusch, Roger, Stanley, Fischer and Richard Startz. Macroeconomics, Op.
cit., p. 576.
The following reference shows the motives behind the widespread use of this definition in the good years
Dunn, Robert M. Jr., and John H. Muttin. International Economics, London
and New York: Routledge, 2000, p.3

AfrikaansArabicBanglaBosnianBulgarianCantonese (Traditional)CatalanChinese SimplifiedChinese TraditionalCroatianCzechDanishDutchEnglishEstonian FijianFilipinoFinnishFrenchGermanGreekHaitian CreoleHebrewHindiHmong DawHungarianIcelandicIndonesianItalianJapaneseKlin gonKlingon (plqaD)KoreanLatvianLithuanianMalagasyMalayMaltese NorwegianPersianPolishPortugueseQuerétaro OtomiRomanianRussianSamoanSerbian (Cyrillic)Serbian (Latin)SlovakSlovenianSpanishSwahiliSwedishTahitia nTamilThaiTonganTurkishUkrainianUrduVietnameseWels hYucatec Maya
It is clear that the exchange rate of the dinar according to the second definition is just the inverse of the dinar exchange rate as defined
The wall. Accordingly, according to the definition of this exchange rate paper, the saying "reduce/raise
Exchange rate dinar "is necessarily synonymous with the saying '" Raise/decrease the inverse of the dinar exchange rate. " The equation indicates
(1) The value of the change in the inverse of the exchange rate is equal to minus
Change in exchange rate multiplied by exchange rate value before changing to value after change.
(1)................
E1
The equation codes reflect the exchange rate indices as shown below:
E0 = exchange rate before change
E1 = exchange rate after change
y = rate of change in exchange rate
x = percentage change in the inverse of the exchange rate
1.2 Research Methodology

The second definition is the inverse of the definition. According to this definition, the exchange rate represents the price of one unit of currency
The GNU is calculated or expressed in local currency or the amount of the local currency alalzmah to buy/sell a single unit of currency
The genome. This definition has been adopted in a number of scientific studies, for example the exclusive
Catoa, Luis A.V. "Return to Basics: Why Exchange Rates," Finance and
Development, September 2007, p. 48
The Central Bank of Iraq adopts the best known exchange rate in its official statistics on the exchange rate of the dinar
For example: "annual yearbook 2016 " issued by the General Directorate of LALHASAA and al-Bahath
Of the central Bank of Iraq available on the following website:

Http://www.cbi.iq/documents/Annual_ 

The paper adopts a simple mathematical analytical method that goes beyond the compulsory treatment of the education phase.
Average. As part of this research, the employment of mathematics in Aalkotsadi third analysis has important advantages. On the one hand
First, this recruitment is characterized by a clear and simple expression of the lingering between variables
Nomic provided by nomic theory to facilitate the finding of facts and conclusions is difficult (and may not be
In many of the two neighbourhoods (obtained from the during of the analysis, i.e., tantalum or verbal enrichment).
On the other hand, mathematical analysis tools allow the precise and the exact same as the revenge for change in a particular variable
On variables that are associated with either as an extended variable or as a specified variable. On the third hand, the
Mathematical expressive of the lingering between variables nomic allows the possibility of using actual data for variables
To muzzle these variables, and thus to quantify what it takes or generates, changes a variable, by the amount of
Specified or a certain percentage, a change in the variables associated with it from certain identical during or lingering causal determinants.
Mathematical analysis, like any theoretical analysis, needs to employ simplistic hypotheses. Such hypotheses
Awal allows to focus on the main elements and milestones of the topic around which the analysis is structured, and secondly, to identify
On the causal lingering of the variables, fixed and time-limited, and expressed in clear mathematical formulas
of Aalltbas and error. On the one hand, on the other hand, it is necessary to resort to additional simplistic hypotheses
When you begin to employ what is produced by the mathematical analysis of the subject from the information that reflects the causal lingering between
Nomic variables involved in the analysis of a specific economic reality for two reasons: Awal that resorting to simplistic hypotheses
The analysis facilitates capturing and containment of those landmarks of interest to the concerned that bear particular importance to the subject of the research

And that has important implications for what the analysis leads to conclusions about the lingering between variables
Research within a given economy; second, the available metadata for variables Nomic
Rarely fully correspond to the definitions in the pure form given to them by theoretical lines;
Simplistic hypotheses facilitate the adaptation of theoretical definitions of nomic variables involved with the data available, and the


Can eventually be gagged and used to quantify the effect of changes
In specific (independent) variables on variables dependent on them.
2. The mechanism for determining the exchange rate system of the dinar and its role in the general budget calculations of the Iraqi state
1.2 The mechanism for determining the exchange rate of the dinar against the Dueller and other other
According to the approved course in determining the route of the dinar exchange rates for the Omani currency, the central bank is responsible
An administrative decision to set an official exchange rate for the Iraqi dinar for the only dollar. The term price is used
Cashing the window or auction of the Central Bank of God on this official exchange rate. The central bank adopts an exchange rate
The Central Bank's window/auction to divert general budget revenues from the oil exports of the duwaller to the dinar
When deposited in the Ministry of Finance account with the central bank. Also, this window/auction exchange rate
Used by all State and public sector institutions to convert Maamaltha financial values from Duwaller to dinar
Iraq and vice versa when necessary. It is clear from the above that the window/auction exchange rate is specifically
The exchange rate and the decisive balance in the general budget accounts, not any other exchange rate of the dinar, whether
For the Duwaller or for any other foreign currency. The central bank exercises control of the dinar exchange rate against
The Doler is in the market of during the amount of Duwaller he offers for sale through his auction of the currency and in line with
Supply and demand laws. The term market exchange rate for the Dalai Lama is called the dinar exchange rate for the Duwaller

2 The local market.

From now on, the terms of the auction exchange rate and market exchange rate for the gods will be used for
The exchange rate of the dinar against the Duwaller according to the central Bank of Iraq's window/auction and according to the market, respectively.
In general, the central Bank of Iraq is distancing itself from establishing official exchange rates for the dinar towards the
Other information or interference with the exchange rate of the dinar towards other foreign market
. The exchange rate of the dinar towards the Duwaller, whether according to the Central Bank's window/auction or according to the local market,

 http://iraqieconomists.net/

Informative website here... Been around since 2009.

 

Informed opinions rather that biased BS with no validity. I like their mission.

 

Despite relatively high growth rate achieved in 2011 and expectedly in 2012, the structure of the Iraqi economy is still dominated by the oil sector, which is presently the main dynamo for economic growth in Iraq. The Iraqi government economic policy failed to introduce major institutional and structural reforms that can lead to a dynamic and sustainable growth, particularly in the non-oil sectors. Public investment policy failed short of achieving set targets to rebuild infrastructure and to provide basic public services such as electricity, water, sewage, health care and education.

The Iraqi Economists Network was founded in 2009 aiming at:

  • Mobilization of Iraqi experts and professionals living outside the country to promote the transfer of know-how and expertise through networking and interacting with Iraqi economists working inside Iraq and initiating joint research and capacity building projects.
  • The formation of an actively involved group of experienced Iraqi economists offering professional participation in decision-making processes related to policy measures aimed at reforming and rebuilding the Iraqi economy, such as those related to the formulation of sustainable development strategies, programs and economic policy measures, as well as projects related to transparency and good governance.
  • Provision of advisory services to Parliament and decision makers in government agencies as well as promoting scientific research in Iraqi universities and research centers by linking them with international think tanks and academic institutions.
  • Promoting awareness of economic issues among policy makers and government officials, members of Parliament and political parties as well as among civil society organizations.

During the last three years, the IEN has established an active online forum for dialogue, which has attracted increasing number of qualified Iraqi economists and oil experts worldwide as members. Views are exchanged in lively debates on present economic issues such as monetary policy, inflation, fiscal policy, oil policy, oil service contracts with the International Oil Companies, trade policy and the introduction of tariffs. The Arabic Website was launched in August 2011. Both have marked the beginning of active interaction and linkages among Iraqi economists working worldwide. This reflects their commitment to help their home country to overcome the state of underdevelopment and assist in the formulation of a coherent development strategy as well as effective economic policy. Furthermore, the process underscores their high motivation and willingness to contribute to the reconstruction of the Iraqi economy and sustainable economic development in Iraq. The launching of the English version should mainly serve to achieve the objective of the IEN with regards to linking Iraqi economists with the international academic and research community as well as promoting the process of know-how transfer into Iraq. The IEN also envisages the promotion of development co-operation projects with Iraq.

 

http://iraqieconomists.net/en/about-the-ien/

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2 hours ago, 10 YEARS LATER said:

Informative stuff to be sure, thanx.

 

off topic here: I can’t be the only one that sees in this pic a man readying himself to stick a plug into this Man/Horse statue’s backside ?

Ten, I do believe that he just plucked a golden road apple from the out source of that man horse. Notice how the plucker guy is looking down and to the left? That means he's lying, to himself probably, and hey what is the left hand doing? Inquiring minds want to know. And while we're at it, isn't this the graphics on the 10,000 dinar note? Man these guys got some serious issues! 

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3 hours ago, 10 YEARS LATER said:

Informative stuff to be sure, thanx.

 

off topic here: I can’t be the only one that sees in this pic a man readying himself to stick a plug into this Man/Horse statue’s backside ?

 

nope ur the only one ... 🤣

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16 minutes ago, mr.unlikely said:

Ten, I do believe that he just plucked a golden road apple from the out source of that man horse. Notice how the plucker guy is looking down and to the left? That means he's lying, to himself probably, and hey what is the left hand doing? Inquiring minds want to know. And while we're at it, isn't this the graphics on the 10,000 dinar note? Man these guys got some serious issues! 

 

I believe you’re on to something here .......and yes indeed, these folks got serious issues that would make ( if he were alive today ) Sigmud Freud scramble to try & make sense of it. 

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