Donald Trump Bashes LeBron James

[Shabibilicious]

1 hour ago, nstoolman1 said:

Shabs. Nice twisting of words. You do that very well.  

 

As opposed to those who insist on twisting reality?      

 

GO RV, then BV

[nstoolman1]

5 hours ago, Shabibilicious said:

 

As opposed to those who insist on twisting reality?      

 

GO RV, then BV

Who's version of reality?

[Synopsis]

11 hours ago, umbertino said:

Quote

He traveled to America in the 1830s to discover the reasons for the incredible success of this new nation

End Quote

 

Ok.....Great.....Not even a word on slavery? That too contributed to the Country 's success and wealth.....No?

 

What an irresponsible statement, Umbertino. Why would Alexis de Tocqueville be compelled to mention ANYTHING about slavery? Slavery Abolition in The American Colonies AND after the Independence was very alive and very well. Here are some historical references from 1775 and on although there are many, many others before during and after this time period:

 

1775

Georgia Colony begins actions against the importation of slaves.

Thomas Paine writes anti-slavery work, “Slavery in America.”  It is published in The Pennsylvania Journal.

 

April 14, 1775

Pennsylvania Abolition Society (PAS), also known as the Society for the Relief of Free Negroes Unlawfully Held in Bondage, is founded in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.  It is the first abolition society in America.  It is founded by Anthony Benezet.  Benjamin Franklin and Benjamin Rush serve as its presidents after 1785.

 

April 19, 1775

Battle between colonists and British soldiers breaks out in Concord, Massachusetts.  It is considered the start of the American Revolution.

 

June 17, 1775

Battle of Breeds Hill, in Charlestown, Massachusetts.  A Black volunteer from Framingham is a hero of the fight.

 

August 212, 1775

Future abolitionist leader and clergyman, Charles Osborn, is born in Tennessee.

 

November 7, 1775

Royal Governor of Virginia, Lord Dunsmore, offers freedom to Blacks who serve in the British force.  He writes, “I do hereby further declare all indented Servants, Negroes, or others, (appertaining to Rebels,) free that are able and willing to bear Arms, they joining His Majesty’s Troops, as soon as may be, for the more speedily reducing this Colony to a proper Sense of their Duty, to His Majesty’s Crown and Dignity.”[41]  Three hundred volunteer for service.

 

November 12, 1775

General George Washington recommends, in a general order, not allowing Blacks to serve in the Continental Army.  He reverses this decision on December 1775.

 

January 9, 1776

The Second Continental Congress passes resolution calling for end of the importation of slaves to America.  The resolution states that “no slaves be imported into any of the thirteen United Colonies.”

 

1776

Between 1776 and 1781, 5,000 Black men will serve in the Continental Army and Navy.

There are an estimated 500,000 Blacks in the colonies when the Revolution begins.[42]

A new constitution in Delaware prohibits the future importation of slaves.

The Society of Friends (Quakers) declares that it will exclude those who buy or sell slaves or refuse to emancipate them.

Samuel Hopkins, a pastor, writes an anti-slavery tract, A Dialogue, Concerning the Slavery of Africans.  It urges the Second Continental Congress to abolish slavery.

Thomas Jefferson writes proposal to return former slaves to Africa.

British Parliament debates measure to end the African slave trade.  It is the first time this is considred.

 

April 9, 1776

The Continental Congress authorizes the suspension of the slave trade.  Abigale Adams writes, “It always appeared a most iniquitous scheme to fight ourselves for what we are daily robbing and plundering from those who have as good a right to freedom as we have.”[43]

 

June 12, 1776

Declaration of Rights of Virginia by George Mason states “that all men are by nature equally free and independent, and have certain inherent rights, of which, when they enter into a state of society, they cannot by any compact deprive or divest their posterity; namely, the enjoyment of life and liberty, with the means of acquiring and possessing property, and pursuing and obtaining happiness and safety.”[44]

 

July 2, 1776

Constitution of the Vermont Republic bans slavery.

 

July 4, 1776

The Declaration of Independence, written by Thomas Jefferson, is signed.  It declares, “We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator, with certain inalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness.”  In an earlier draft, Thomas Jefferson criticized the British slave trade, stating that it violated “most sacred rights of life and liberty.”  It was omitted in the final draft.  Jefferson owns more than 200 slaves.[45]

 

July 15, 1776

Pennsylvania Declaration of Rights is published.[46]

 

Winter 1776

Winter encampment of the Continental Army at Valley Forge.

 

1777

At New York’s Constitutional Convention, a majority of voters adopt an anti-slavery resolution.

North Carolina adopts a stringent law making it difficult to manumit slaves.

Vermont Constitution abolishes slavery.  It is the first state to do so.  The Constitution declares: “No male person, born in this country, or brought from over sea, ought to be holden by law, to serve any person, as a servant, slave, or apprentice, after he arrives at the age of twenty-one years, nor female in like manner, after she arrives to the age of eighteen years, unless they are bound by their own consent, after they arrive at such age, or bound by law, for the payment of debts, damages, fines, costs, and the like.”[47]

Thomas Jefferson proposes a plan of gradual emancipation of slaves in Virginia.  He proposes they be exported.

 

Early 1778

General Washington approves of mustering a Rhode Island regiment of free Blacks.  The Continental Congress authorizes the action.  Eventually, more than five thousand Black men would serve in the Continental forces.

 

1778

Virginia House of Burgesses forbids the further importation of slaves.  Slaves brought into the state illegally will be freed.[48]

British forces capture port city of Savannah, Georgia.

 

1779

British forces capture and occupy Augusta and Norfolk.

Rhode Island legislature passes anti-slavery laws.[49]

 

September 1, 1779

Massachusetts Declaration of Human Rights is issued.[50]

 

March 1, 1780

Pennsylvania passes An Act for the Gradual Abolition of Slavery.  It frees future children of slaves.  This is the first case where a state abolishes slavery.[51]

 

1780

There are 575,420 slaves in the United States, including 518,624 in the southern states and 56,796 in the northern states.

Delaware declares “that no person hereafter imported from Africa ought to be held in slavery under any pretense whatsoever.”

Massachusetts adopts state constitution with Bill of Rights.  It declares, “All men are born free and equal, and have certain natural, essential, and inalienable rights; among which may be reckoned the right of enjoying and defending their lives and liberties; that of acquiring, possessing, and protecting property; in fine that of seeking and obtaining their safety and happiness.”[52]

Future abolitionist leader James H. Dickey is born in Virginia.[53]

Pennsylvania begins program of gradual emancipation of slaves.

At a conference in Baltimore, Maryland, Methodists define slavery as “contrary to the laws of God, man, and nature.”

 

Spring 1780

British forces capture and occupy Charleston, South Carolina.  British General Sir Henry Clinton encourages slaves to leave their masters.  He issues proclamation, “Every ***** who shall desert the rebel standard… [shall have] full security to follow within these lines, any occupation which [they] shall think proper.”  Numerous slaves cross British lines to freedom.

 

June 13, 1780

Future abolitionist leader and clergyman George Bourne is born in Westbury, England.[54]

 

August 1780

Slave women Mum Bett (Elizabeth Freeman) and Brom challenge state slave laws in Massachusetts court in Brom & Bett v. Ashley (a slaveholder).  They are represented by lawyer Theodore Sedwick, an opponent of slavery.  Brom and Bett prevail and win their freedom.

 

1781

Slavery is ended in Massachusetts by the decision in Commonwealth v. Jennison.

British Commander Charles Cornwallis invades and conquers Virginia.  British sloop of war, “Savage,” raids General Washington’s estate of Mount Vernon.  Seventeen slaves are taken.  Cornwallis’ troops plunder Thomas Jefferson’s property, Monticello.  Thirty of his slaves escape to freedom.

 

October 19, 1781

After three weeks under siege at Yorktown, Cornwallis surrenders his forces to George Washington and the Continental Army.  Thousands of Black refugees with the British Army are left helpless.

 

1782

There is an estimated 260,000 slaves in the state of Virginia.

Thomas Jefferson writes Notes on Virginia.  On slavery, he declares his ambiguity to the institution.

 

November 11, 1782

Future Quaker abolitionist leader and editor, Elihu Embree, is born.

 

November 30, 1782

In Paris, American and British diplomats sign a provisional treaty.  It gives the colonies full independence.  Article Seven of the treaty states: “His Britannic Majesty shall with all convenient speed and without Causing any destruction or carrying away any Negroes or other property from the American inhabitants, withdraw all his Armies.”[55]

 

December 13, 1782

Arnold Buffum, future abolitionist leader and activist, is born.

 

1783

New Hampshire begins a gradual abolition of slavery.

Maryland prohibits the further importation of slaves from Africa.[56]

Anti-slavery activist publishes, A Serious Address to the Rulers of America, on the inconsistency of their conduct respecting slavery; forming a contrast between the encroachments of England on American Liberty and American injustice in tolerating slavery.

At the close of the war with England, 100,000 slaves have escaped slavery.  Approximately 20,000 have left with the English forces.  Some have gone to Canada and the Caribbean.  During the Revolution, slaves were not brought into the colonies.  This created a severe shortage of slaves.

Massachusetts Supreme Court case, Commonwealth v. Jenkins, rules against slavery.  Chief Justice William Cushing writes, “As to the doctrine of slavery and the right of Christians to hold Africans in perpetual servitude, and sell and treat them as we do our horses and cattle, that… has been heretofore countenanced by the Province Laws… a different idea has taken place with the rights of mankind, and to that natural, innate desire of Liberty, with which Heaven… has inspired all the human race.  And upon this ground our Constitution of Government, by which the people of this Commonwealth have solemnly bound themselves, sets out with declaring that all men are born free and equal—and that every subject is entitled to liberty, and to have it guarded by the laws, as well as life and property—in short is totally repugnant to the idea of being born slaves… the idea of slavery is inconsistent with our own conduct and Constitution; and there can be no such thing as perpetual servitude of a rational creature…”[57]

Abolitionist leader and clergyman David Rice is forced to leave Virginia because of his anti-slavery work.  He settles in Kentucky, where he resumes his anti-slavery leadership.[58]

Virginia frees slaves who served in the Continental Army (with the consent of their owners).

A Serious Address to the Rulers of America, On the Inconsistency of Their Conduct Respecting Slavery, Forming a Contrast between the Encroachment of England on American Liberty and American Injustice in Tolerating Slavery is published.

More than half of all slaves in the United States are in Virginia.[59]

Charles Stewart, British anti-slavery leader, is born.  He will mentor the American abolitionist movement.

 

May 6, 1783

Acting Commander of British forces, Sir Guy Carleton, tells Washington he will not surrender Negroes who fought for England and their freedom, as it would be “a dishonorable violation of public faith.”  He adds that former slave owners would be compensated for their loss.  Brigadier General Samuel Birch, Commander of the British garrison in New York, is tasked with determining those Blacks who in fact fought for the Crown.  He issues certificates to those who can prove service.  He also creates a master list called “The Book of Negroes.”  Three thousand are on the list.

 

July 8, 1783

Massachusetts Supreme Court rules slavery unconstitutional.  This is a decision based on the 1780 Massachusetts constitution.[60]

 

1784

Rhode Island and Connecticut enact legislative action toward a gradual abolition of slavery.  The Rhode Island law reads, “All men are entitled to Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness, and the holding of Mankind in a state of Slavery, as private Property, which has gradually obtained by unrestrained Custom and Permission of the Laws, is repugnant to the Principle, and subversive of the Happiness of Mankind, and the great End of all civil Government.”[61]

North Carolina forbids the further importation of slaves directly from Africa.[62]

Thomas Jefferson submits proposal to Congress to prohibit slavery in the region west of the Allegheny Mountains after 1800.  It fails by only one vote.  Jefferson writes, “Thus we see the fate of millions unborn hanging on the tongue of one man, & heaven was silent in that awful moment.”

John Wesley, at a Methodist conference, urges his co-religionists to manumit their slaves and free the slaves’ children at birth.

Society of Friends (Quakers) in Virginia ask co-religionists to free their slaves.

The Pennsylvania Abolition Society is established in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

Anthony Benezet, anti-slavery activist and writer, dies.[63]

New Hampshire constitution is adopted.  It has a Bill of Rights, which states: “All men are born equally free and independent…”[64]

 

1785

The Rhode Island Society for Abolishing the Slave Trade is founded.[65]

The State of New York fails to enact a bill for the gradual emancipation of slaves.[66]

 

January 1785

New York Manumission Society (NYMS) is founded by John Jay to abolish slavery in the State of New York.  It is also known as the New York Society for Promoting the Manumission of Slaves.  It is disbanded in 1849.  John Jay is the first president.  Alexander is the second president.[67]

 

September 25, 1785

Future African American leader, David Walker, is born.

 

1786

The State of North Carolina declares that the slave trade is “of evil consequences and highly impolitic.”  It imposes heavy taxes on slaves.[68]

New Jersey State enacts legislation against slavery.  It calls for gradual emancipation of slaves in the state.  The law states that “Principles of Justice and Humanity require that the barbarous custom of bringing the unoffending Africans from their native country and Connections into a State of Slavery ought to be discountenanced, and as soon as possible prevented.”[69]

Cotton is introduced to America.  It is not commercially viable until the invention of the cotton gin in 1793.[70]

English abolitionist leader Thomas Clarkson publishes influential anti-slavery work, Essay on the Slavery and Commerce of the Human Species, Particularly the African.  It is highly regarded by American abolitionist leaders.

 

May 26, 1786

Abolitionist leader, philanthropist, Arthur Tappan, is born.

 

December 15, 1786

Future anti-slavery governor of Illinois, Edward Coles, is born.

 

1787

The State of Rhode Island enacts laws prohibiting its residents from participating in the African slave trade.[71]

South Carolina lawmakers pass legislation temporarily suspending the importation of slavers into the state.  Importation of slaves is prohibited between 1787-1803.[72]

Anti-slavery leader and Quaker Isaac T. Hopper initiates plan to help fugitive slaves who flee the south.

Pennsylvania Society for Promoting the Abolition of Slavery, and the Relief of Free Negroes Unlawfully Held in Bondage, is revived in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.  Benjamin Franklin and Benjamin Rush are its officers.  It is a Quaker abolitionist organization whose leaders are almost all Hicksites.  They promote a moderate approach to ending slavery in the United States.[73]

First Black church in Philadelphia is established.[74]

 

April 12, 1787

Free African Society is founded, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.  It is a non-denominational, abolitionist, self-help group for African Americans.  The Free African Society establishes the African Church of Philadelphia in 1794, affiliated with the Protestant Episcopal Church.  It is founded by Richard Allen and Absalom Jones.

 

April 23, 1787

Quakers in Maryland and Virginia no longer buy or sell slaves.[75]

 

July 13, 1787

The United States Congress passes the Northwest Ordinance of 1787.  It outlaws slavery in the Northwest Territories, north of the Ohio River.[76]

 

September 17, 1787

The United States Constitution is created.  It institutionalizes slavery by declaring that a slave will be counted only as three-fifths of a person in determining representation in Congress.  The blessings of liberty were not for slaves.  Dr. Benjamin Rush declared, “No mention was made of negroes or slaves in this constitution, only because it was thought the very words would contaminate the glorious fabric of American liberty and government.  Thus you see the cloud, which a few years ago was no larger than a man’s hand, had descended in plentiful dews and at last covered every part of our land.”[77]

 

1788

The U.S. constitution is ratified.  Under its provisions, importation of slaves will continue for 20 more years.  Fugitive slaves are to be returned to their owners.  There are 13 states, seven free and six slave.

Connecticut, Massachusetts, New York and Pennsylvania proscribe residents from participating in the African slave trade.[78]

The Delaware Society for Promoting the Abolition of Slavery and for the Relief and Protection of Free Blacks and People of Colour Unlawfully Held in Bondage is founded.[79]

A New Jersey law requires confiscation of ships used in the slave trade.[80]

 

May 23, 1788

Lewis Tappan, future abolitionist leader, is born.

 

June 20, 1788

Future Quaker anti-slavery activist, reformer, James Mott, is born.

 

1789

Delaware passes resolution prohibiting its citizens from participating in the African slave trade.

The Providence Society for Abolishing the Slave Trade is founded in Rhode Island.

In New York, George Washington is sworn in as the first President.  He later states, “Nothing but the rooting out of slavery can perpetuate the existence of our union.”  He quietly believes in the gradual emancipation of slaves.  He further explains, “I can only say that there is not a man living who wishes more sincerely than I do to see a plan adopted for the abolition of [slavery].  An evil exists which requires a remedy.”[81]  Washington owns slaves until his death in 1799.  He says, “I wish I could liberate a certain species of property which I possess, very repugnantly to my own feelings.”[82]

 

January 4, 1789

Future Quaker anti-slavery leader, Benjamin Lundy, is born.

 

March 4, 1789

The first session of the United States Congress is called.

 

June 15, 1789

Future anti-slavery activist, autobiographer Josiah Henson is born into slavery.

 

September 1789

At a Quaker national meeting, some Quakers prepare an anti-slavery petition for submission to Congress.[83]

 

October 28, 1789

Future abolitionist and conductor on the Underground Railroad, Levi B. Coffin, is born.

 

1790-1830

Numerous proposals for ending slavery by gradual, compensated emancipation are introduced into the United States Congress.[84]

 

1790

The first United States Census shows a total population of 3,929,000; 1,961,174 live in slaveholding states.  There are 757,181 Blacks, among whom 697,624 are slaves and 59,557 are free.  Blacks are now 19.3% of the population.[85]

The beginning of the Second Middle Passage.  Between1790 and the beginning of the Civil War in 1860, more than one million enslaved individuals are sold and moved to the deep south to work in the cotton fields.  This is the largest forced migration in American history.  Countless generations of enslaved families are separated forever.  The breeding of enslaved individuals for labor and for sale becomes ever more widespread.  More than three and a half million individuals are born into slavery.

Maryland Society for Promoting the Abolition of Slavery and the Relief of Free Negroes and Others Unlawfully Held in Bondage is founded.  It helps rescue hundreds of slaves during the period of 1790-1824.

Connecticut Society for the Promotion of Freedom and for the Relief of Persons Holden in Bondage is founded.  Ezra Stiles is the first President.[86]

Virginia Abolition Society is founded in Richmond and led by Robert Pleasants.

African American free schools are established in New York.[87]

 

February 3-11, 1790

U.S. Congress receives its first petition, a formal request for emancipating slaves.  It is submitted by the Society of Friends and the Pennsylvania Abolition Society.  It is signed by Benjamin Franklin.  They call slavery, “licentious wickedness.”  They declare “From a pursuation that equal…”[88]

 

September 1, 1790

Alvan Stewart, future abolitionist leader and founder of anti-slavery societies, is born.

 

1791

Architect of the U.S. Capital and District of Columbia, Pierre L’Enfant, engages slaves to build new federal buildings.  They will include the Capitol and the White House.

The Free Produce movement is begun by anti-slavery activists in Great Britain.  It calls for the boycotting of products made by slave labor.

Vermont is admitted to the Union as a free state.  Its constitution declares, “No male person born in this country, or brought from over sea, ought to be bound by law to serve any person as a servant, slave, or apprentice after he arrives at the age of twenty-one years, nor female, in like manner…”[89]

 

December 15, 1791

Bill of Rights is ratified.

 

1792

New Jersey Society for Promoting the Abolition of Slavery is founded.

Connecticut state legislature enacts laws against slave trading by residents of the state.[90]

Virginia statesman and founding father George Mason opposes slavery in the United States.[91]

A petition to end slavery is submitted to the U.S. Congress by Quaker and anti-slavery activist Warner Mifflin.[92]

 

February 4, 1792

Future abolitionist leader James G. Birney is born.

 

April 1792

David Rice, a minister, lobbies the Kentucky Constitutional Convention to prohibit slavery in the state.[93]

 

June 1792

Kentucky is admitted to the Union as a slave state. Congress seats their senators and representatives in November 1792.[94]

 

November 22, 1792

Warner Mifflin, an anti-slavery Quaker activist, publishes A Serious Expostulation With the Members of the House of Representatives of the United States.  He sends it to Congress as a protest of the slave trade.  Congress refuses to consider it.[95]

 

November 26, 1792

Angela Grimké, future abolitionist leader and women’s rights activist, is born.

 

1793

The New Jersey Society for Promoting the Abolition of Slavery is founded.[96]

 

January 3, 1793

Future Quaker anti-slavery activist, women’s rights pioneer, Lucretia Coffin Mott, is born.

 

February 5, 1793

Future abolitionist leader John Rankin is born in Tennessee.  He is active in the Kentucky Abolition Society 1817-1821.

 

February 12, 1793

U.S. Congress passes Federal Fugitive Slave Act of 1793.  It is based on Article IV, Section 2, of the U.S. Constitution.  The law is in effect until the more powerful Fugitive Slave Law is passed in 1850.[97]

 

July 9, 1793

Upper Canada adopts policy of gradual emancipation of slaves.[98]

 

October 28, 1793

Eli Whitney invents the cotton gin in Georgia.  He receives the patent on March 14, 1794.  It makes cotton production highly profitable.  It is the catalyst for exponential growth of the cotton industry in the deep south and west.[99]

 

November 25, 1793

Slave revolt in Albany, New York.

 

1794

A major anti-slavery convention is held in Philadelphia.  Nine anti-slavery societies participate.

Pastor Timothy Dwight publishes powerful anti-slavery poem, Serious Expostulation.  He becomes president of Yale n 1795.[100]

African American bishops Richard Allen and Absolom Jones publish anti-slavery work, An Address to Those who Keep Slaves and Approve the Practice.

 

January 1, 1794

The American Convention for Promoting the Abolition of Slavery and Improving the Condition of the African Race is founded in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.  It is the first national anti-slave organization.  Nine groups participate.[101]    In a speech, Benjamin Rush declares, “Freedom and slavery can not long exist together.  An unlimited power over the time, labor, and posterity of our fellow-creatures, necessarily unfits man for discharging the public and private duties of citizens of the Republic.”[102] 

 

March 22, 1794

United States Congress passes law forbidding the slave trade from foreign ports.  It does not regulate the African slave trade to U.S. ports.[103]

 

July 8, 1794

Abolitionist leader and journalist David Lee Child is born in West Boylston, Massachusetts.[104]

 

July 29, 1794

Bethel AME Church is founded in Philadelphia.

 

September 8, 1794

Future abolitionist leader, editor, Joshua Leavitt is born.

 

1795-1835

A religious movement, known as the Great Awakening, takes place.  This movement is a catalyst for the anti-slavery and abolitionist movement.

 

1795

Future abolitionist, publisher and journalist Samuel Eli Cornish is born.

 

September 6, 1795

Abolitionist leader, writer, political reformer, Frances Wright, is born.

 

October 5, 1795

Future abolitionist leader, lawyer and congressman, Joshua Reed Giddings, is born.[105]

 

1796

The American Convention of Delegates of the Abolitionist Societies enacts a boycott of products produced with slave labor.

Anti-slavery advocate and lawyer, St. George Tucker, publishes “A Dissertation on Slavery: With a Proposal for the Gradual Abolition of it, in the State of Virginia.”  He writes, “Whilst we were offering up vows at the shrine of liberty…”[106]

Boston African Society is founded.

 

June 1, 1796

Tennessee is admitted to the Union as the sixteenth state.  It is a slave state.

 

1797

Henry Clay, of Kentucky, petitions state legislature to support gradual abolition of slavery.

Sojourner Truth (Isabella Baumfree) is born a slave in New York.[107]

New York state passes anti-slavery law that will take effect on July 4, 1799.  It also begins state schools for African Americans.[108]

 

March 6, 1797

Abolitionist leader, activist, political leader, Gerrit Smith, is born.[109]

 

1798

Congress defeats a resolution to prohibit slavery in the new Mississippi Territory.

Georgia state lawmakers enact a statue to end all additional importation of slaves.[110]

First schools for African Americans are established in Boston.[111]

 

September 4, 1798

Future abolitionist leader and activist, Francis LeMoyne, is born.

 

December 1799

George Washington dies.  His will declares, “It is my will and desire that all slaves which I hold in my right, shall receive their freedom.”  Slaves are freed from his estate.

 

March 29, 1799

New York State passes gradual emancipation act.[112]

 

July 4, 1799

An anti-slavery law passed in 1797 in New York state goes into effect.  It declares that all children born henceforth in the state will be free.

 

October 1, 1799

Future Black anti-slavery activist and writer, John B. Russwurm, is born in Jamaica.[113]

 

1800

The second census shows 1,001,436 Blacks in the U.S.  This is 18.9% of the total population.  There are 893,041 slaves and 108,395 free Blacks.[114]

South Carolina now produces twenty million pounds of upland cotton annually.[115]

Virginia assembly passes legislation in support of colonization of freedmen to Africa.

Thomas Jefferson defeats John Adams in the Presidential election by electoral vote of 73 to 65.  Jefferson is supported almost entirely by the slave states.[116]

 

January 2, 1800

U.S. Congress rejects petition by free Black to end slavery through gradual emancipation.  It is defeated, 85 to 1 against.

 

February 13, 1800

Anti-slavery Methodist clergyman, Scott Orange, is born.

 

May 1800

U.S. Congress enacts new laws, restricting the foreign slave trade.  It prohibits U.S. citizens from having financial interests in ships carrying slaves to foreign ports.[117]

 

May 9, 1800

Future militant abolitionist John Brown is born.

 

August 30, 1800

Gabriel Prosser and Jack Bowler’s planned slave revolt is discovered.  They had planned to attack Richmond, Virginia.  They are tried and executed on October 7, 1800.

 

September 2, 1800

Nat Turner, a slave child, is born.  He will lead a slave insurrection in 1831.

 

October 6, 1800

Future abolitionist leader, teacher, women’s rights activist, Sarah Pugh, is born.

 

November 30, 1800

Future abolitionist leader and clergyman, Luther Lee, is born.

 

1801

The American Convention of Abolition Societies issues statement in wake of Gabriel Prosser’s planned insurrection: “An amelioration of the present situation of the slaves, and the adoption of a system of gradual emancipation… would… be an effectual security against revolt.”

New York passes law stipulating that no slave can be brought into the state to be sold.[118]

 

1802

Ohio State writes a constitution that abolishes slavery.

The U.S. Congress rejects a bill that would have strengthened the Fugitive Slave Law of 1793.

The Mississippi Territorial legislature defeats a bill that would have banned the importation of slaves into the territory.

Presbyterian minister and anti-slavery activist Alexander McLeod publishes ***** Slavery Unjustifiable.  He is later active in the colonization movement.[119]

 

February 11, 1802

Abolitionist and writer, Lydia Maria Francis Child, is born.

 

November 9, 1802

Future abolitionist and newspaper editor Elijah Parish Lovejoy, is born.

 

1803

South Carolina state legislature votes to reopen slave trade in the state.  This eventually opens up debate over slavery in the Congress.[120]

Maria Stewart, future African American anti-slavery leader, orator, educator, is born.

 

February 19, 1803

Ohio is admitted to the Union as a free state.  It is the 17^th state.

 

February 28, 1803

U.S. Congress passes “An Act to Prevent the Emportation of Certain Persons into Certain States, Where, by the Laws Thereof, Their Admission is Prohibited.”[121]

 

April 14, 1803

Future anti-slavery leader, Ellis Gray Loring, is born.

 

November 23, 1803

Future abolitionist leader, Theodore Dwight Weld, is born.

 

1804

Northern states begin to take steps to prohibit, and eventually fully abolish, slavery in their jurisdictions.

New Jersey passes abolition of slavery act.[122]

Thomas Branagan, a former slave trader, publishes an influential anti-slave work entitled, A Preliminary Essay on the Oppression of the Exiled Sons of Africa, Consisting of Animadversions on the Impolicy and Barbarity of the Deleterious Commerce and Subsequent Slavery of the Human Species…  These and subsequent writings have strong effect on slave trade debates in the U.S.[123]

 

January 5, 1804

Ohio state legislature enacts Black Laws that limit travel of free Blacks in the state.

 

February-March, 1804

U.S. Congress debates legislation to create the Louisiana Territory.

 

February 14, 1804

Congressman from Pennsylvania enters resolution into the Congress.  It reads, “Resolved, that a tax of ten dollars be imposed on every slave imported into any part of the United States.”  It is opposed by southern representatives.[124]

 

February 15, 1804

State of New Jersey begins a gradual abolition of slavery.[125]

 

May 14, 1804

Lewis and Clark expedition begins.  It lasts two years.

 

1805

Virginia state legislature votes for the creation of a new territory, in the upper section of the new Louisiana Territory, for free Blacks.

Abolition leader and clergyman David Barrow publishes anti-slavery pamphlet, Involuntary, Unlimited, Perpetual, Absolute, Hereditary Slavery Examined on the Principles of Nature, Reason, Justice, Policy, and Scripture.  He serves as the President of the Kenticky Abolition Society.[126]

 

February 20, 1805

Angelina Grimké, future abolitionist leader and women’s rights activist, is born.

 

December 10, 1805

William Lloyd Garrison is born in Newburyport, Massachusetts.  He will become one of the leading abolitionists in the United States.

 

1806

Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Ohio and Vermont submit resolutions to the U.S. Congress for an amendment to the constitution to end the slave trade.  Bills are presented in both houses calling for the end to the importation of slaves after December 31, 1807.[127]

Anti-slavery activist John Parrish publishes strong indictment of slavery in a pamphlet, Remarks on Slavery of the Black People.  He calls slavery a national sin.[128]

 

July 25, 1806

Future abolitionist leader Maria Weston Chapman is born.

 

October 26, 1806

Noted African American abolitionist and mathematician, Benjamin Banneker, dies.

 

December 2, 1806

President Thomas Jefferson, in a message to the Congress, calls for a law criminalizing the international slave trade.  He asked Congress “to withdraw the citizens of the United States from all further participation in those violations of human rights…which the morality, the reputation, and the best of our country have long been eager to proscribe.”

 

December 9, 1806

Elizabeth Buffum Chace, future abolitionist and women’s rights activist, is born.

 

1807

United States Congress enacts law prohibiting the importation of slaves, to take effect January 1, 1808.[129]

A new abolitionist group called the Friends of Humanity is founded.

State of New York passes law stating that no slaves can be removed from the state unless they are owned for more than ten years.[130]

Total cotton production in the United States is fifty million pounds annually.[131]

Indiana Territory allows slave owners to bring slaves in.

Abolitionist clergyman David Rice publishes Involuntary, Unmerited, Perpetual, Absolute Slavery Examined.

 

March 2, 1807

President Jefferson signs the Act Prohibiting Importation of Slaves into law.  It takes effect on January 1, 1808.

 

December 3, 1807

Future abolitionist leader Gamaliel Bailey is born in New Jersey.

 

December 17, 1807

Future abolitionist, poet and political activist, John Greenleaf Whittier, is born.

 

December 24, 1807

Elizabeth Margaret Chandler, future abolitionist and anti-slavery writer, is born.

 

1808

Andrew Bankson moves to Illinois.  He becomes a state senator and an anti-slavery activist.[132]

David Barrow and other anti-slavery activists found the Kentucky Abolition Society.[133]

 

January 1, 1808

The U.S. Congressional Act Prohibiting Importation of Slaves takes effect.  More than 400,000 slaves have been brought into the country from Africa.  There are now one million slaves residing in the United States.  The US is the only country where there is a natural increase in the enslaved population.[134]

 

1809

New York state legalizes slave marriages.  This gives legitimacy to all slave children.[135]

 

February 12, 1809

Future sixteenth President of the U.S., Abraham Lincoln, is born in Hardin County, Kentucky.[136]

 

December 27, 1809

Oliver Johnson, future abolitionist leader and newspaper editor, is born.

 

1810

Third Census of the United States determines that there are 1,191,364 slaves and 186,446 free Blacks.  They are 19% of the total population.[137]

Future abolitionist leaders and Black activists, Robert Purvis and David Ruggles, are born.

Anti-slavery advocate Lewis Dupre publishes, “An Admonitory Picture and a Solemn Warning, Principally Addressed to Professing Christians in the Southern States.”

South Carolina produces forty million pounds of cotton annually, Georgia twenty million pounds.[138]

 

January 15, 1810

Future abolitionist leader, women’s rights activist, writer, Abigail Foster Kelly, is born.

 

February 1, 1810

Future African American abolitionist leader Charles Lenox Remond is born to free parents in Boston, Massachusetts.[139]

 

October 19, 1810

Future political leader and abolition leader, Cassius Marcellus Clay, is born in Kentucky.

 

1811

Paul Cutter embarks with 38 free Blacks to establish a colony in Sierra Leone, in West Africa.

 

January 6, 1811

Future U.S. Senator and abolitionist leader, Charles Sumner, is born.[140]

Future abolitionist leader and congressman, Owen Lovejoy, is born.

 

January 8-10, 1811

Large slave revolt breaks out near the River Road Plantation (German Coast, near New Orleans).  It is led by Charles Deslondes, with nearly 500 slaves.  It is put down by local militia and the U.S. Army.  One hundred slaves are killed or later executed.

 

June 14, 1811

Harriet Beecher [Stowe], future author of the landmark novel, Uncle Tom’s Cabin, is born.

 

November 29, 1811

Future abolitionist leader, writer, lecturer, reformer, Wendell Phillips, is born.

 

April 30, 1812

Louisiana is admitted to the Union as the eighteenth state.  It is a slave state.  There are now eight free and eight slave states.

 

May 6, 1812

Martin Robinson Delany is born in Charles Town, Virginia.  He is to become a prominent African American abolitionist leader, newspaper editor, author and Civil War officer.[141]

 

1813

New York state enacts statute to allow jury trials for enslaved individuals.[142]

James Forten writes a series of letters under the name “A Man of Color.”[143]

 

June 24, 1813

Future anti-slavery activist Henry Ward Beecher is born in Litchfield, Connecticut.

 

1814

Manumission Society of Tennessee is founded by Charles Osborn.  Its newspaper, the Manumission Intelligencer, is founded in 1819.

2,500 African American men volunteer to aid in the protection of Boston against a possible British attack.[144]

Mexican National Congress abolishes slavery.

 

November 6, 1814

Prominent African American abolitionist, writer and historian, William Wells Brown, is born into slavery.

 

December 23, 1814

Henry Highland Garnet is born a slave on a plantation in Maryland.  He becomes a prominent abolitionist and community leader.[145]

 

December 24, 1814

The Treaty of Ghent is signed between the United States and Great Britain, ending the War of 1812.

 

1815

Abolitionist Benjamin Lundy founds the Union Humane Society in Ohio.[146]

Abolitionists Charles Osborn and John Rankin found the Manumission Society of Tennessee.[147]

Henry Bibb is born a slave.  He will become an operative on the Underground Railroad and founder of Black colonies in Canada.

 

January 8, 1815

Battle of New Orleans.  Free Blacks participate in the defense of the city.

 

May 10, 1815

African American future author Henry Bibb is born into slavery on a plantation in Kentucky.

 

October 1815

George Boxley, a Caucasian, fails in an attempt to start a slave rebellion in Spotsylvania, Virginia.

 

1816

The North Carolina Manumission Society is founded by abolitionist leader Charles Osborn.

Paul Cuffe makes a second voyage to Sierra Leone with 38 free Blacks to colonize Africa.[148]

Congressman John Randolph, of Virginia, introduces proposed legislation to end slavery in Washington, the nation’s capital.  It fails to pass.

Anti-slavery activist George Bourne publishes The Book and Slavery Irreconcilable.[149]

 

April 1816

African Methodist Episcopal (AME) Church is founded in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.  It is originally comprised of 16 African American congregations that band together.  It emphasizes education of Blacks.  It is also an anti-slavery, abolitionist group.  Serves as a station of the Underground Railroad. 

 

December 28, 1816

American Colonization Society (ACS) is founded in U.S. House of Representatives, Washington, DC.  It seeks to settle free Blacks outside of the United States.  A number of its founding members are southern political leaders and slave holders.  They include Henry Clay, John C. Calhoun, Bushnell Washington, and Francis Scott Key.  It is restricted to White members.  The ACS never opposes slavery, either legally or morally.

 

1817

New York State sets the date of July 4, 1827, to free all of its slaves born before the Emancipation Act of 1799.  This frees more than 10,000 slaves residing in the state.[150]

The American Conventions of Abolition Societies rejects the idea of colonizing Africa with American free Blacks.  They state that their goals are “the gradual and total emancipation of all persons of color, and their literary and moral education should precede their colonization.”[151]

 

February 14, 1817

Future Black abolitionist leader Frederick Douglass is born a slave on a plantation in Maryland.[152]

 

April 7, 1817

Slave insurrection breaks out in St. Mary’s County, Maryland.  Two hundred slaves participate.

 

August 29, 1817

Abolitionist leader Charles Osborn begins publishing anti-slavery paper, The Philanthropist, in Mount Pleasant, Ohio.[153]

 

October 17, 1817

Samuel Ringgold Ward is born a slave on the eastern shore of Maryland.  He will become an important abolitionist and author.[154]

 

December 10, 1817

Mississippi is admitted to the Union as the twentieth state.  It is the tenth slave state.

 

1818

Mississippi court case, Harvey and others v. Decker, rules that the Northwest Ordinance of 1787 dictates that slaves brought into the free state of Indiana are to be set free.

The state of Connecticut disenfranchises all Black persons in the state.

Pennsylvania establishes state sponsored schools for African Americans.[155]

 

April 18, 1818

End of the First Seminole War.

 

August 23, 1818

Lucy Stone, future abolitionist leader and women’s rights activist, is born.

 

1819-1821

U.S. Congress debates the issue of extending slavery into the new territories and whether or not to permit new slave states to be admitted into the Union.[156]  The new areas are Arkansas Territory and the admission of Missouri as a state.

 

1819

U.S. Congress creates the Arkansas Territory out of Arkansas County, in the Missouri Territory.

Former President James Madison calls for the gradual abolition of slavery in the United States.  He advocates that freed slaves be given homesteads in the western territories.

In Tennessee, Charles Osborn launches an anti-slavery newspaper, The Manumission Intelligencer.  He changes it to Emancipator in 1820.[157]

Slave uprising conspiracy is discovered in Augusta, Georgia.

Anti-slavery leader David Barrow dies.[158]

New York congressman James Talmadge, Jr., proposes Congress prohibit slavery into the Territory of Missouri.[159]

South Carolina makes it illegal to distribute anti-slavery literature in the state.

 

March 3, 1819

United States Congress passes stringent laws to impede illegal smuggling of slaves into the country.  The President can order the return to Africa of slaves brought in illegally.  The President can now send armed U.S. naval vessels to Africa to interdict slave ships.  The British Navy cooperates in this effort.[160]

 

December 14, 1819

Alabama is admitted to the Union as a slave state.  It is the twenty-second state.  There are eleven free and eleven slave states.

 

1820

The fourth census, in 1820, reports that there are 1,538,038 slaves and 233,524 free Blacks in the United States.  This is 18.4% of the country’s population.[161]

Boston establishes state sponsored schools for African Americans.[162]

 

February 1820

President James Monroe signs order banning Blacks or Mulattos from serving in the U.S. Army.

 

February 15, 1820

Susan Brownell Anthony is born.  She becomes a leading suffragist, women’s rights advocate and abolitionist.

 

March 2, 1820

The Missouri Compromise of 1820 is passed by Congress.  The vote is very close, at 90 to 87.  It prohibits all slavery north of a line 36°30’.  It allows Missouri to be admitted as a slave state and Maine as a free state.[163]

 

March 9, 1820

86 Blacks from the United States arrive in Sierra Leone aboard the ship Mayflower of Liberia.[164]

 

May 15, 1820

The U.S. Congress passes a law declaring that participating in the African slave trade will be considered an act of piracy.  Individuals who are convicted are subject to capital punishment.[165]

 

December 4, 1820

Quaker abolitionist leader, activist, publisher of the newspaper, Manumission Intelligencer, dies.

 

1821

Congress enacts the Missouri Compromise.  It prohibits slavery in the territories of the Louisiana Purchase.  The act includes provision stating that fugitive slaves must be returned.[166]

Harriet Tubman is born a slave on a plantation in Maryland.

Moses Austin, a slaveholder, is allowed to open a colony in Texas, which is part of Mexico.

 

January 1821

Abolitionist Quaker Benjamin Lundy begins his newspaper, The Genius of Universal Emancipation, in Mount Pleasant, Ohio.[167]

 

October 21, 1821

William Still, prominent Black leader and activist with the Underground Railroad, is born.

 

1822

The American Colonization Society founds a colony in Monrovia, Liberia for emancipated slaves.[168]

Free Blacks in Rhode Island are disenfranchised.

Pro-slavery individuals in Illinois try to create a state constitution to legalize slavery.

In Kentucky, John Finley Crow begins publishing the anti-slavery newspaper, The Abolition Intelligencer.[169]

Mexico gains its independence from Spain.  They refuse to honor Moses Austin’s contract.  They do, however, allow him to occupy land, only provisionally.

Samuel Cornish organizes the first ***** Presbyterian Congregation in New York.[170]

 

May 30, 1822

Free Black man Denmark Vesey is discovered plotting a slave rebellion, in Charleston, South Carolina.   He is hanged on July 2, 1822.

 

1823

Mississippi state passes a law prohibiting the teaching of slaves to read or write.

U.S. circuit court case Elkison v. Deliesseline rules that taking a slave to a free state makes them free.

Abolitionist John Rankin publishes series of influential letters opposing slavery.  They are reprinted in an important book in 1833.[171]

Chile abolishes slavery.

United States Congress cuts back on funding for suppressing the slave trade.

 

December 22, 1823

Future abolitionist leader, activist, Thomas Wentworth Higginson, is born.

 

1824

Louisiana enacts new slave codes.

Mexico abolishes slavery.  It declares that “commerce and traffic in slaves proceeding from any country and under any flag whatsoever, is forever prohibited in the territory of the United Mexican States.”

British abolitionist, Elizabeth Heyrick, publishes Immediate, Not Gradual Abolition.[172]

Anti-slavery clergyman publishes A Treatise on Slavery, In Which is Shown Forth the Evil of Slaveholding.

Future abolitionist leader Henry Highland Garnet and his family escape from slavery and go to New York City.[173]

 

September 25, 1824

William Craft is born into slavery.  In the future, he will escape slavery along with his wife, Ellen, and become active in the abolitionist movement.

 

December 1824

Indiana passes ruling making the enforcement of the Fugitive Slave Law of 1793 more difficult to enforce.

 

1825

State legislatures in eight northern states request that the federal government end slavery through compensated emancipation.

 

May 20, 1825

Antoinette Brown Blackwell is born in Henrietta, New York.  She will be the first woman ordained a minister.  She will be a women’s rights activist and abolitionist.

 

1826

Abolitionist Francis Wright publishes A Plan for the Gradual Abolition of Slavery in the United States.  She establishes a utopian community for Blacks called Nashoba, near Memphis, Tennessee.[174]

Free Produce Society of Pennsylvania is founded.  It is organized to encourage consumers not to purchase goods produced by slave labor.

Anti-slavery newspaper, The African Observer, begins printing.

The Massachusetts General Colored Association is founded.  It actively promotes abolition of slavery.

Free Black clergyman from New York publishes A Remonstrance against the Abuse of Blacks.

The State of Pennsylvania passes law that makes it a felony to illegally remove a slave from the state without an official “Certificate of Removal.”

Ellen Craft is born into slavery.  In the future, she escapes slavery and becomes a leading African American abolitionist.

 

June 6, 1826

African American abolitionist leader, women’s rights activist, is born in Salem, Massachusetts.

 

July 4, 1826

Thomas Jefferson, author of the Declaration of Independence and former President, dies.  He frees only five of his slaves.

 

1827

The Pennsylvania Free Produce Association, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, is founded.  It is organized by the Society of Friends, Quakers, to encourage Quakers and others to refrain from purchasing goods produced by slave labor.[175]

Delaware Abolition Society founded.

In Rhode Island, abolitionist William Goodell begins publishing anti-slavery newspaper, The Investigator.

 

May 1827

The Oneida Institute, New York, is founded as the Oneida Academy in the Village of Whitesboro.  Abolitionists Theodore Dwight Weld, Reverend George Washington Gale, and Charles G. Finney are founders.

 

May 16, 1827

African American leaders Samuel Cornish and John B. Russwurm establish the weekly newspaper, Freedom’s Journal.  It is the first African American paper.  It is renamed the Rights of All in March 1828.[176]

 

July 1827

The Baltimore Society for the Protection of Free People of Color, is organized by Baltimore Friends.  It is disbanded in 1829.  It is organized to help “kidnapped” African Americans.

 

July 4, 1827

New York State officially abolishes slavery with the New York State Emancipation Act.  Ten thousand slaves are set free.

 

1828

William Lloyd Garrison begins publishing anti-slavery articles in abolitionist newspaper, National Philanthropist.[177]

In New Orleans, Milo Mower begins publishing anti-slavery newspaper, The Liberalist.

In Bennington, Vermont, an abolitionist newspaper, The Free Press, begins.

 

1829

The Female Association for Promoting the Manufacture and Use of Free Cotton is founded in Philadelphia.

Abolitionist, activist, Isaac Tatem Hopper moves to New York City to work in aiding fugitive slaves.

Anti-Black riots break out in Cincinnati, Ohio.  Many flee the city.[178]

The Hope of Liberty, poems written by an enslaved man, George Horton, in North Carolina, is published.[179]

 

Spring 1829

Fugitive slaves escape to Canada and found town of Wilberforce, near London, Ontario.[180]

 

September 1829

In New York City, free Black writer publishes The Ethiopian Manifesto, Issued in the Defense of the Black Man’s Rights in the Scale of Universal Freedom.

 

September 15, 1829

The government of Mexico decrees that all slaves are forever free.  In December, however, it exempts Texas from the ban on slavery.

 

September 29, 1829

In Boston, free Black David Walker begins publishing anti-slavery newspaper, An Appeal to the Colored People of the World.  He calls for military opposition to slavery.

 

December 1829

Samuel E. Cornish takes over publication of anti-slavery newspaper, Freedom’s Journal.  He changes its name to Rights of All.[181]

 

December 2, 1829

Under pressure from Americans, the Mexican government exempts territory of Texas from anti-slavery proclamation of September 15.

 

1830

The Fifth Census of the United States indicates there are 2,009,043 slaves and 319,599 free Blacks in the United Sates.  This is a 30% increase from 1820.  Blacks constitute 18.1% of the national population.[182]

New York City has 14,000 free Blacks, Philadelphia 9,700, and Boston approximately 2,000.  These are the principle centers of African American leadership in business, education and civil rights.[183]

Louisiana State legislature petitions U.S. Congress with complaint that its slaves are fleeing to Mexico.  It also passes law making it illegal to educate slaves.

Bolivia abolishes slavery.

 

April 6, 1830

Mexico ends immigration of U.S. White colonists to its Texas Territory.  It also forbids further importation of slaves into the area.

 

June 28, 1830

Free African American leader and organizer of the Underground Railroad, David Walker, passes away.

 

September 20-24, 1830

The First ***** Convention is held in Philadelphia at the Bethel AME Church.[184]

http://www.americanabolitionists.com/us-abolition-and-anti-slavery-timeline.html

Myth One: The majority of African captives came to what became the United States.

Truth: Only a little more than 300,000 captives, or 4-6 percent, came to the United States. The majority of enslaved Africans went to Brazil, followed by the Caribbean. A significant number of enslaved Africans arrived in the American colonies by way of the Caribbean, where they were “seasoned” and mentored into slave life. They spent months or years recovering from the harsh realities of the Middle Passage. Once they were forcibly accustomed to slave labor, many were then brought to plantations on American soil.

 

http://theconversation.com/american-slavery-separating-fact-from-myth-79620

 

Do You see how irresponsible Your posts are Umbertino? The wealth of early The United States Of America or it's stability was NOT based on slavery then or now.

 

Your "enforcer" is blocked but I am sure he prefers his own version of slavery he wishes to impose on everyone else. Child and other forms of human trafficking are perpetuated mainly by illegal immigrants crossing into The United States Of America.

 

Why don't You, Umbertino, and Your petty "enforcer" fight the child and human trafficking, that is a severe from of slavery TODAY, being perpetrated by illegal immigrants????!!!

 

Hmmmmmmmmmmmm...................................................................Umbertino and Your "enforcer"???!!!

[umbertino]

 

Ok...I'll take the time to read all of your post....Truly.....Thanks Synopsis...

 

I always accept to learn things....if it can help broadening my knowledge.. Which is always the right thing to do......I'm damn serious, just to be clear....

 

 

Therefore...I sincerely appreciate your ( and everybody else's) contribution to that

 

 

Again thanks

Edited August 8, 2018 by umbertino

[Synopsis]

15 hours ago, umbertino said:

 

Ok...I'll take the time to read all of your post....Truly.....Thanks Synopsis...

 

I always accept to learn things....if it can help broadening my knowledge.. Which is always the right thing to do......I'm damn serious, just to be clear....

 

 

Therefore...I sincerely appreciate your ( and everybody else's) contribution to that

 

 

Again thanks

 

I think You'll find this to be fact based, truthful, and enriching. For example, the noted 10 year increment census conducted showed nominally 20% of the The United States Of America population was Black Persons. Of Those Black Persons, about 15% were freed Black Persons. As a whole, the Wealth And Prosperity of The United States Of America at it's inception until now could not be exclusively or mostly attributed to slavery. Certainly after the Civil War, the Wealth And Prosperity Of The United States Of America could not be attributed to slavery although the attributes that make up the Preeminence of The United States Of America have existed since inception all through now in varying strengths and consistencies.

 

 

[Shabibilicious]

17 hours ago, umbertino said:

 

 

For what it's worth to you, umbertino.....the overwhelming vast majority of Americans don't trivialize slavery in our history or the tremendous negative impact caused by it.

 

GO RV, then BV

[umbertino]

1 minute ago, Shabibilicious said:

 

For what it's worth to you, umbertino.....the overwhelming vast majority of Americans don't trivialize slavery in our history or the tremendous negative impact caused by it.

 

GO RV, then BV

 

 

Thanks, Bro....

 

Ran out of pluses , thanks, likes etc....As usual....

[Shabibilicious]

18 hours ago, nstoolman1 said:

Who's version of reality?

 

The Reality T.V. version......the one voted for by millions.  

 

GO RV, then BV

[nstoolman1]

Nice twist again.

I am speaking of a philosophic subject of reality. 

Every one has their own version. 

You are making observations based on what you see and feel 

and I on mine. 

Everything is relative. 

[Shabibilicious]

1 hour ago, nstoolman1 said:

Nice twist again.

I am speaking of a philosophic subject of reality. 

Every one has their own version. 

You are making observations based on what you see and feel 

and I on mine. 

Everything is relative. 

 

True enough.....when I see the neighbor's dog crapping in my yard, I take exception to it...Not so much with the dog, more with the irresponsible neighbor for allowing it to happen.

 

GO RV, then BV

Edited August 9, 2018 by Shabibilicious

[PeaceSign]

https://www.cleveland.com/metro/index.ssf/2018/08/whos_paying_for_lebron_james_n_1.html

 

he making it sound like hes paying for it...always the tax payer, hes paying just enough for tax deductions maybe!