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Found 1 result

  1. CNN. Broadcasting From The CBI Basement With A Camel On A Treadmill Generator And Cranking Up The IQD Demand ! (by don961) The inverse relationship between the oil contribution and Iraq's economic activities is a model 2017-11-16 Oil occupies an important and important position in most countries of the world, both producing and consuming, because of its intrinsic advantages that make it the production of most industrial products, especially oil derivatives, and its use as a source of energy contributing to the production of goods and services, Energy such as electric power or other. As a result of its intrinsic importance and the absence of a better alternative in terms of advantages and costs of production, it has become an international strategic commodity with a great weight in the economies of each country and the rearrangement and formulation of local, regional and international economic relations. Exported, consumed and imported, in proportion to the interests of their countries. Resource curse (inverse relationship) With so much importance at the local, international, economic and political levels, many resource-rich countries have undesirable effects, as they do not meet the interests and aspirations of their true owners, and are thus expressed as "resource curse" or "Dutch disease" "The proportion of what happened to the Netherlands when it discovered gas, has undesirable effects on the economic level. The reverse process between oil contribution and economic activities is taking place not only in oil countries, but also in most mineral-rich countries lacking good management systems, with the absence of social awareness in directing the government administration to these resources in the direction that serves its interests. In addition, Depending on the outside world where the local community contributes very little to generating its resources. The reliance on the outside world to generate the resources of the country in conjunction with the limited local contributors in generating their sources of cash is the most important factor in achieving the inverse relationship between oil contribution and economic activities. It is known that mineral resources extracted from the ground and exported abroad need to be Capital intensive industries and therefore the contribution of society is limited in generating incomes and what is worse is the lack of interlock, but the separation of the oil sector and its revenues from economic development. The reverse relationship in Iraq This relationship can be clarified by clarifying the contributions of economic activities, especially agriculture, fishing, forestry and manufacturing, and comparing them with the contribution of extractive industries to Iraq's GDP. In 1990, the share of agriculture, fishing and forestry accounted for 19.80%, manufacturing accounted for 8.83%, and mining and extractive industries accounted for 14.29% of GDP of $ 74933 million. The remaining 57.08% represents the contributions of all other sectors such as electricity, water and gas, construction, trade, restaurants and hotels, transport, communications and storage, financial and insurance institutions, housing, government services and other services. In 2015, the contribution of the agriculture, fishing and forestry sector was 5.40%, the manufacturing sector constituted 3.84%, and the contribution of mining and extractive industries accounted for 38.26% of GDP. The rest of the other sectors accounted for the remaining 52.5% of GDP of $ 143413 million. Comparison The following is a comparison of the extent to which the inverse relationship was achieved by the contribution ratios of the above sectors for the two years in the total saline output: - The contribution of the agricultural sector, including fishing and forestry, to 5.40% in 2015 after it constituted 19.80% of GDP. This is in contrast to the increase in the contribution of the mining and extractive industries, whose main pillar is Iraq, to 38.26% Accounting for 14.26% of GDP in 1990. - Although we note that the contribution of the manufacturing sector was less than that of mining and extractive industries in 1990, the latter had a greater impact on the contribution of manufacturing industries, and the reasons would be clarified later. The contribution of the manufacturing sector decreased to 3.84% in 2015 from 8.83% of GDP in 1990, in return for the increase in the contribution of the mining sector and the extractive industries as indicated in the previous point. We also note that the contribution of other commodity sectors and distribution and service sectors declined to 52.5% in 2015 after constituting 57.08% of GDP in 1990. This is in contrast to the increase in the contribution of mining and extractive industries. the reasons The reasons for achieving the opposite relationship between oil contribution and economic activities in the national economy, especially GDP, in the absence of efficient management and the real will of the decision makers and government officials, where the absence of management and will lead to reasons we can call economic reasons technical as follows: 1 - The high exchange rate, the discovery of natural mineral resources and then export in exchange for huge amounts of foreign exchange, which will in turn generate demand for the local currency and this increase will lead to a higher value of the local process and this means higher prices of local goods compared to prices of foreign goods, Demand for local goods due to their inability to compete, the low demand for them means a decline in the contribution of economic activities against the increase in the contribution of oil in the national economy, especially GDP. 2. Increasing the wages of workers. The discovery and extraction of natural mineral resources generates more foreign currency and its added value is so great that it helps to increase the wages of workers in the mining and extractive industries as contributors to increase this added value and to encourage them and encourage them to develop their performance. In a way that increases the production of this resource. This increase will make workers in other sectors resort to work in this sector with a desire for high wages and this will generate a low supply of labor in economic activities is increasing demand for the labor force and their wages rise and then rise in the cost of production of goods and services and finally increase in prices. . Solutions First: To find a management that has a genuine independent will and specialized in managing the oil sector in a way that contributes to supporting economic development and can not be separated from it. Second: Interest in exchange rate management in a way that encourages national products to compete and withstand foreign goods. Third: Work to make the salaries of workers in the state close so that migration does not get to some sectors and the rise in wages and prices. Fourth: The interest in providing an investment climate that encourages the private sector to invest real by providing concessions and guarantees that stimulate investment. Hamed Abdul Hussain Khudair Jubouri / Al-Furat Center for Development and Strategic Studies link
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