Synopsis

Genesis 1:6-8 New English Translation 6 God said, “Let there be an expanse[a] in the midst of the waters and let it separate water[b] from water.” 7 So God made the expanse and separated the water under the expanse from the water above it.[c] It was so.[d] 8 God called the expanse “sky.”[e]There was evening, and there was morning, a second day. Read full chapter Footnotes Genesis 1:6 tn The Hebrew word refers to an expanse of air pressure between the surface of the sea and the clouds, separating water below from water above. In v. 8 it is called “sky.”sn An expanse. In the poetic texts the writers envision, among other things, something rather strong and shiny, no doubt influencing the traditional translation “firmament” (cf. NRSV “dome”). Job 37:18 refers to the skies poured out like a molten mirror. Dan 12:3 and Ezek 1:22 portray it as shiny. The sky or atmosphere may have seemed like a glass dome. For a detailed study of the Hebrew conception of the heavens and sky, see L. I. J. Stadelmann, The Hebrew Conception of the World (AnBib), 37-60. Genesis 1:6 tn Heb “the waters from the waters.” Genesis 1:7 tn Heb “the expanse.” Genesis 1:7 tn This statement indicates that it happened the way God designed it, underscoring the connection between word and event. Genesis 1:8 tn Though the Hebrew word can mean “heaven,” it refers in this context to “the sky.” Genesis 1:14-17 New English Translation 14 God said, “Let there be lights[a] in the expanse[b] of the sky to separate the day from the night, and let them be signs[c] to indicate seasons and days and years, 15 and let them serve as lights in the expanse of the sky to give light on the earth.” It was so. 16 God made two great lights[d]—the greater light to rule over the day and the lesser light to rule over the night. He made the stars also.[e] 17 God placed the lights[f] in the expanse of the sky to shine on the earth, Read full chapter Footnotes Genesis 1:14 sn Let there be lights. Light itself was created before the light-bearers. The order would not seem strange to the ancient Hebrew mind that did not automatically link daylight with the sun (note that dawn and dusk appear to have light without the sun). Genesis 1:14 tn The language describing the cosmos, which reflects a prescientific view of the world, must be interpreted as phenomenal, describing what appears to be the case. The sun and the moon are not in the sky (below the clouds), but from the viewpoint of a person standing on the earth, they appear that way. Even today we use similar phenomenological expressions, such as “the sun is rising” or “the stars in the sky.” Genesis 1:14 tn The text has “for signs and for seasons and for days and years.” It seems likely from the meanings of the words involved that “signs” is the main idea, followed by two categories, “seasons” and “days and years.” This is the simplest explanation, and one that matches vv. 11-13. It could even be rendered “signs for the fixed seasons, that is [explicative vav (ו)] days and years.”sn Let them be for signs. The point is that the sun and the moon were important to fix the days for the seasonal celebrations for the worshiping community. Genesis 1:16 sn Two great lights. The text goes to great length to discuss the creation of these lights, suggesting that the subject was very important to the ancients. Since these “lights” were considered deities in the ancient world, the section serves as a strong polemic (see G. Hasel, “The Polemical Nature of the Genesis Cosmology,” EvQ 46 [1974]: 81-102). The Book of Genesis is affirming they are created entities, not deities. To underscore this the text does not even give them names. If used here, the usual names for the sun and moon [Shemesh and Yarih, respectively] might have carried pagan connotations, so they are simply described as greater and lesser lights. Moreover, they serve in the capacity that God gives them, which would not be the normal function the pagans ascribed to them. They merely divide, govern, and give light in God’s creation. Genesis 1:16 tn Heb “and the stars.” Now the term “stars” is added as a third object of the verb “made.” Perhaps the language is phenomenological, meaning that the stars appeared in the sky from this time forward. Genesis 1:17 tn Heb “them”; the referent (the lights mentioned in the preceding verses) has been specified in the translation for clarity. Genesis 1:20 New English Translation 20 God said, “Let the water swarm with swarms[a] of living creatures and let birds fly[b] above the earth across the expanse of the sky.” Read full chapter Footnotes Genesis 1:20 tn The Hebrew text again uses a cognate construction (“swarm with swarms”) to emphasize the abundant fertility. The idea of the verb is one of swift movement back and forth, literally swarming. This verb is used in Exod 1:7 to describe the rapid growth of the Israelite population in bondage. Genesis 1:20 tn The Hebrew text uses the Polel form of the verb instead of the simple Qal; it stresses a swarming flight again to underscore the abundant fruitfulness. Psalm 19:1 New English Translation Psalm 19[a] For the music director, a psalm of David. 19 The heavens declare the glory of God;[b] the sky displays his handiwork.[c] Read full chapter Footnotes Psalm 19:1 sn Psalm 19. The psalmist praises God for his self-revelation in the heavens and in the Mosaic law. The psalmist concludes with a prayer, asking the Lord to keep him from sinning and to approve of his thoughts and words. Psalm 19:1 sn God’s glory refers here to his royal majesty and power. Psalm 19:1 tn Heb “and the work of his hands the sky declares.” The participles emphasize the ongoing testimony of the heavens/sky. Daniel 12:3 New English Translation 3 But the wise will shine like the brightness of the heavenly expanse. And those bringing many to righteousness will be like the stars forever and ever. THE FLAT EARTH MOVEMENT March 5th, 2023 by Jeff Atchison IS IT “BIBLICAL COSMOLOGY”? A REASONED, BIBLICAL EXAMINATION Earthrise, taken on December 24, 1968, by Apollo 8 astronaut William Anders. Public Domain. INTRODUCTION 2 Timothy 2:23 • But refuse foolish and ignorant speculations, knowing that they produce quarrels. BELIEVERS Answering the claims of the Flat Earth movement might seem like an arcane topic to waste time on—Surely no one really believes this stuff, you might think. But, according to research, 2% of Americans claim to believe the earth is flat. Further inquiry suggests only half actually believe this. The rest are “trolling,” finding perverse pleasure in stirring up controversy, or keeping up the revenue stream on their YouTube channel with a steady stream of outrageous “click bait” content to attract the gullible. But still, with roughly 1% truly believing in a flat earth, any large church will have a number of people who adhere to this, and because it can be so terribly divisive, the following is our response. TERMS We need to start by defining terms. Christian flat–earth believers insist their view be labeled “Biblical Cosmology,” rather than “Flat Earth.” This term, though, is pejorative and insulting to Bible–believing Christians who don’t agree with radical flat–earth views! Therefore, the term “Biblical Cosmology” won’t be used in this pamphlet for flat earth beliefs. The fact is, the Christian flat earth movement is a fringe group claiming exclusive truth and superiority over other Christians, just as the cults do. Therefore, it is most appropriate to call this movement, “Flat Earthism,” or abbreviated, F.E. THE PROBLEM Flat Earthism quickly leads to division in the church. Imagine, for example, a church attended by solid, biblical Christians who happen to work in the aerospace industry. F.E. claims the space industry is a money–making deception, and accuse these sincere Christians of perpetuating a fraud with their very livelihood. Some flat earthers might suggest, “Can’t we just agree that God could make the earth and sky any shape He wanted to?” The answer is: NO! There is a big difference between what God could have done and what He actually did. We must not accommodate absurdity for the sake of Christian fellowship—Biblical doctrine is based on truth, not fantasy. Be warned: flat earthers are passionate about their esoteric cosmology and will soon be warning fellow Christians of the “satanic deception” of the “spherical globe” model, and teaching this to the kids in Sunday School. F.E. is also a hindrance to evangelism. It claims NASA foisted the idea of a spherical earth and a vast universe on the public in order to promote atheism and evolution, so in order to win more souls, they say we must preach a flat earth and sky dome cosmology. But how many people would come to Christ if they were told they had to believe in a flat earth? Our evangelistic success in the world would quickly cease. This is obviously a massive stumbling block to the Gospel! The bottom line is F.E. causes consternation, insult, disunity, and a stumbling block to the Gospel. There is simply no room for it in a healthy Christian community. SCOPE In this pamphlet we will briefly summarize a few key flat earth beliefs, and why they aren’t supported biblically, rationally, or observationally. But this won’t cover every argument that F.E. presents, mainly because there are so many differing flat earth “models”–each contradicting the others. And with each refutation, they come up with a slew of “but what about…” objections. It is an endless and futile debate. WHAT FLAT–EARTHISM BELIEVES Though there are many different variations of F.E., here are some key tenants most agree with: THE ARCTIC–CENTRIC MAP F.E. says the UN Flag inadvertently reveals the “correct” earth model: the north pole is at the center of the earth, and the sun and moon rotate around an unknown force above the pole. The seasons occur as the sun moves closer or further from the artic pole, and the changing lengths of days is due to the changing speed of the sun’s circuit across the sky. Not seen on the UN map is what keeps the oceans from flowing over the edges of the earth: a massive ice wall, which we typically think of as “Antarctica.” Instead of a continent at the “bottom” of a globe, this land mass is actually spread out like a wall surrounding the world. There is no “south pole,” no one has ever explored the inner regions of Antarctica, and the nations of the world have conspired to keep it off limits, preventing people from discovering the truth. Anyone who claims to have sailed around Antarctica, proving it is round, is lying. Also, airlines flying “Great Circle” routes from Southern Africa, South America, or Australia intentionally fly longer routes and waste fuel in order to perpetuate the mythical “globe” model of the world. THE SOLID SKY DOME F.E. says the word “firmament” in Genesis 1 (KJV), refers to a firm, solid dome the stars are attached to. Even though this term only describes the shape of the stellar heavens above, the earth must be flat to support this architecture. F.E.’s bottom line is this: because the folks in the Bible believed they lived on a flat earth with sky dome, it must be correct. The altitude of the sky dome is a matter of much debate and conjecture by F.E., but it is typically suggested the dome is about 3100 miles above the earth at the north pole, but it descends down to meet the Antarctic ice wall, where it is attached to the earth. The solid dome rotates around the earth, accounting for the motion of the stars, but it is a mystery how this works. Another mystery is where the stars in the south go when they disappear below the horizon, and why the stars at the horizon don’t appear enormous when a person is near the “artic wall,” since they would be thousands of miles closer to the viewer! F.E. says the sun is a small light source that circles the earth on a flat plane below the sky dome, at about 3000 miles altitude. It never truly goes below the apparent “horizon,” but rather, recedes into the far–off distance, leaving regions in the dark until it returns. The mystery of why the sun isn’t visible 24–hours a day is explained by describing it like a spotlight which only shines directly below it. The best explanation of the force that keeps the sun circling the north pole is simply God’s supernatural power. F.E. says the moon is also a light source. It doesn’t reflect the Sun, but rather, creates its own light. The phases of the moon are caused by God supernaturally. The planets are actually stars and create their own light as well; they don’t reflect the sun’s light. They are “wanderers” because they change position on the face of the sky dome. How this occurs is a mystery, as is the explanation of why Mercury and Venus have phases but the outer planets do not. FIXED EARTH F.E. teaches that because the Bible says the earth has unshakable “foundations,” it must be fixed and unmovable. It doesn’t float through space or orbit the sun. There are various theories about what the earth sits on, or what is beyond the ice wall of the earth, but F.E. claims this is ultimately unknowable. NO GRAVITY F.E. says gravity is a myth. There is no gravitational mass attraction, so for example, if there were no atmosphere, and we existed in a vacuum, all the objects and beings on the earth would float away. Instead, F.E. offers two very different explanations to explain what keeps objects falling to the ground, (1) “buoyancy” or (2) “acceleration.” (1) Weight is determined by buoyancy, or in other words, an object’s density, meaning that heavy things sink in relation to air pressure, and lighter things rise. At higher altitudes, where the air is thinner, we are less buoyant, and therefore weigh more (even though the opposite is actually true: a simple scale shows you weigh less at higher elevations, since you are further from the earth’s mass). (2) Another explanation of weight is acceleration. The flat earth and dome sky is moving upward, creating acceleration, which we mistakenly attribute to “gravity.” Acceleration, of course, requires a constant rate of increasing speed, so after several thousand years, we’d have to be moving well past the speed of light to maintain “gravity.” So, this is a mystery as well. MOON LANDING DENIAL Famously, F.E. claims NASA (which was founded by anti–Christian Freemasons) has perpetuated a myth since the 1960s with space flight and the moon race. Pictures of a global earth from space is just clever photo editing trickery. You also can’t trust any testimony from astronauts who claim to have been in space; they are all lying in order to perpetuate NASA’s atheism. BIBLICAL REFUTATION Here we will unpack some of the scriptures F.E. uses to support the idea of a “flat, arctic–centric earth” and the “solid dome heavens.” THE FLAT EARTH Is the whole earth visible at once? Job 28:24 • for he views the ends of the earth and sees everything under the heavens. God doesn’t look at the earth from a single fixed vantage point. He exists outside of time and space and sees all places at once. To say this proves a flat earth is to say that God exists within our creation instead of outside of creation, limiting His deity and omnipresence! Can an extremely tall object be seen by everyone on earth? Daniel 4:10–11 • Behold, there was a tree in the midst of the earth and its height was great. ‘The tree grew large and became strong And its height reached to the sky, And it was visible to the end of the whole earth. F.E. says this is a slam dunk to prove a flat earth. The problem is they take this completely out of context. First—this speaks of a dream the king was having, so it wasn’t a real visible tree. But the real issue is verses 20–22… Daniel 4:20–22 • ‘The tree that you saw, which became large and grew strong, whose height reached to the sky and was visible to all the earth and whose foliage was beautiful and its fruit abundant, and in which was food for all, under which the beasts of the field dwelt and in whose branches the birds of the sky lodged—it is you, O king; for you have become great and grown strong, and your majesty has become great and reached to the sky and your dominion to the end of the earth. So, the tree in the dream was only symbolic of the king’s mighty reputation, which was known across a vast empire. Can you see the whole earth from a tall mountain? Matthew 4:8 • Again, the devil took him to a very high mountain and showed him all the kingdoms of the world and their splendor. This view of the whole earth was supernatural. Even if the earth were flat, it would have been a miraculous thing to see the distant kingdoms. Therefore, this verse doesn’t prove a flat earth, or disprove a global earth. Does Jesus’ return prove a flat earth? Revelation 1:7 • BEHOLD, HE IS COMING WITH THE CLOUDS, and every eye will see Him… This might seem like a “gotcha,” except not even on a flat earth would this be possible with the naked eye! Jesus, descending as a Man from Heaven, would be pretty difficult to see from thousands of miles away. God revealing His Son to the world in a supernatural vision visible to everyone seems more reasonable. Another explanation that makes sense is thinking about the futuristic setting of Jesus’ return. Technology makes it possible that any event is instantly visible through social media world–wide. When Jesus returns, with millions of cell phones capturing the moment, every eye will clearly see it. Is the horizon a fixed line? Proverbs 8:27 • I was there when he set the heavens in place, when he marked out the horizon on the face of the deep... Job 26:10 • He marks out the horizon on the face of the waters for a boundary between light and darkness. Flat earth folks quote these verses to say the horizon is the fixed boundary of the flat earth, where the seas meet the Antarctic ice wall. Yet, F.E. admits that you can’t see the distant islands over the ocean; their convoluted explanations involve optical distortions and thermal convections over the ocean. But even from the highest point on Hawaii, Mauna Kea, at 13,803 feet high, known for incredibly clear visibility at the summit, one cannot see mainland USA—not even with the most powerful telescope. This makes no sense on a flat earth. Where are the ends of the earth? Job 37:3 • He unleashes his lightning beneath the whole heaven and sends it to the ends of the earth. Isaiah 11:12 • He will raise a banner for the nations and gather the exiles of Israel; he will assemble the scattered people of Judah from the four quarters of the earth. Revelation 7:1 • After this I saw four angels standing at the four corners of the earth, holding back the four winds of the earth to prevent any wind from blowing on the land or on the sea or on any tree. The terms “Four Corners” and “Ends” of the earth do not mean the earth is flat with an edge. Scripturally, Isaiah 11:12 says God gathers His tribes from the “four quarters of the earth” where they were scattered. The Bible tells us they were scattered to places like Assyria, Babylon, Asia Minor, Northern Africa, Spain, etc. These “quarters” are nowhere near the supposed ice–wall edge of the earth we call Antarctica! In fact, “four quarters” or “corners” is actually the four points of the compass, meaning, every direction. But also, most flat earth models show a round plate—so where are the “corners”? This is another example of clear contradictions within various F.E. theories. THE UNMOVING EARTH Some of the scriptures used by F.E. to say the earth doesn’t move through space are: 1 Chronicles 16:30 • Tremble before him, all the earth! The world is firmly established; it cannot be moved. Psalms 93:1 • The LORD reigns, he is robed in majesty; the LORD is robed in majesty and armed with strength; indeed, the world is established, firm and secure. When the Bible speaks of the earth’s permanence, it isn’t speaking in terms of movement through space; it is speaking of the stability of the earth beneath one’s feet, which illustrate how God is unchanging, faithful, and reliable. For the person standing on the surface of the earth, it doesn’t seem to move and mountains seem to stand there forever. These passages are making no reference to how the earth moves through space. Now consider: Psalm 46:2 • Therefore we will not fear, though the earth should change And though the mountains slip into the heart of the sea... Job 9:5–6 • It is God who removes the mountains, they know not how, When He overturns them in His anger; Who shakes the earth out of its place, And its pillars tremble F.E. insists the earth doesn’t move at all, but according to these verses, the earth does move and change, and the mountains eventually crumble. Clearly, verses about the world being “firmly established” and that it “cannot be moved” are dramatic figures of speech, and they have nothing to do with the planet moving through space. FOUNDATIONS AND PILLARS Psalms 104:5 • He set the earth on its foundations; it can never be moved. 1 Samuel 2:8 • …“For the foundations of the earth are the Lord’s; on them he has set the world. Psalms 75:3 • When the earth and all its people quake, it is I who hold its pillars firm. Are these passages meant to be read as literal, that the earth sits on actual pillars, or are these metaphors for God’s creative work, like an architect or carpenter building a home? Look at the larger context of the first passage: Psalms 104:1–5 1 Bless the LORD, O my soul! O LORD my God, You are very great; You are clothed with splendor and majesty, 2 Covering Yourself with light as with a cloak, Stretching out heaven like a tent curtain. 3 He lays the beams of His upper chambers in the waters; He makes the clouds His chariot; He walks upon the wings of the wind; 4 He makes the winds His messengers, Flaming fire His ministers. 5 He established the earth upon its foundations, So that it will not totter forever and ever. Clearly, this is metaphorically describing God like the builder of a grand structure. Light, stars, wind, rain, clouds, mountains—each has a simile in the house being made. The earth, then, is pictured sitting on a foundation because a home sits on a foundation. This doesn’t mean there is literally a mysterious structure that the flat earth sits upon. And, it is reasonable to approach similar passages speaking of pillars and foundation with the same interpretation. Also, consider how “pillars” and “foundations” are used in these verses: Job 26:11 • The pillars of heaven tremble And are amazed at His rebuke. 2 Samuel 22:8 • The foundations of heaven were trembling And were shaken According to these, the heavens are also set upon pillars and foundations! F.E. must take these verses literally as well, but there aren’t “pillars” of heaven in their various models of the heavens and the earth. THE FIRMAMENT Some of the scriptures F.E. uses to support a solid sky dome are: Genesis 1:6–8 • Then God said, “Let there be a firmament in the midst of the waters, and let it divide the waters from the waters.” Thus God made the firmament, and divided the waters which were under the firmament from the waters which were above the firmament; and it was so. And God called the firmament Heaven. So the evening and the morning were the second day. Isaiah 40:22 • He sits enthroned above the circle of the earth, and its people are like grasshoppers. He stretches out the heavens like a canopy, and spreads them out like a tent to live in. Is the firmament "firm"? “Firmament” doesn’t not mean “sky dome;” as in a solid, stone–like ceiling. The word “Firmament” in Genesis 1:7 is the Hebrew word “Raqia.” Because this word is associated with metal working, the flat–earther says the firmament is “firm.” This misunderstands the origin of the word. "Raqia" speaks of metal that is stretched out over something else: like a gold or bronze leaf on the tabernacle furnishings, so we understand the raqia as describing the “expanse” of the heavens, which God stretched out as a canopy. This is seen in Isaiah 40:22, which compares the heavens to a “curtain” or a “tent.” So, the word doesn’t mean a solid dome, but rather, that from our perspective, the stars are stretched out overhead like a canopy or tent, and have the glorious beauty of gold–leaf workmanship. "Raqia" is best explained by its root word raqa, which describes “stamping out, or stretching forth.” "Raqa" is used to denote God spreading out the earth (Isaiah 42:5, 44:24), stretching out the land above the water (Psalm 136:6), or stretching out the skies (Job 37:18). It also describes stamping one’s feet in Ezekiel 25:6 & 6:11. Why do the KJV and the NKJV use "firmament"? Most Bible versions render “raqia” as “expanse.” The KJV and NKJV use the word “firmament,” and the explanation involves some history. One hundred years after the Hebrew Old Testament was completed, it was translated into Greek near Alexandria. This is known as the Septuagint (LXX), and there is evidence it was widely used in the time of Christ, so it is highly regarded. Even so, the LXX is merely a translation and not the original Hebrew Bible. When the translators of the LXX were translating the Hebrew word raqia to speak of the stellar heavens into Greek, they used the word stereoma, which means “the heavens.” The trouble comes from Greek philosophy, which at the time had a theory of a “stone vault” of heaven, so stereoma took on this connotation. And so, when the Greek LXX was translated into Latin, the word firmamentum was used to translate stereoma. Next came the English translation: because the King James Bible used the Vulgate (the Latin Bible) as a primary source, it uses the word “firmament” for the Hebrew raqia. The Strong’s Concordance follows the KJV’s word choice, and has unfortunately caused needless confusion. So, to sum up: “Firmament” comes from the Greek translation of the OT text, and reflects Greek philosophical ideas, as well as the Latin Vulgate. “Firmament” does not well represent the original Hebrew text. Does the “firmament” hold up the “waters above”? There is a clue here to understanding the “waters above the firmament” in Psalm 104:3—He lays the beams of His upper chambers in the waters; He makes the clouds His chariot; He walks upon the wings of the wind. In this metaphor, God is building above the waters of the clouds! Here is how several conservative Bible commentaries explain the “waters above” in Genesis 1: Bible Knowledge Commentary: Genesis 1:6–8. On the second day God separated the atmospheric waters from the terrestrial waters by an arching expanse, the sky. This suggests that previously there had been a dense moisture enshrouding the earth. God’s work involves making divisions and distinctions. ESV Study Bible: Genesis 1:6­–8 waters. As light was separated from darkness, so waters are separated to form an expanse (vv. 6–7), which God calls Heaven (v. 8). As the ESV footnote illustrates by offering the alternative term “sky,” it is difficult to find a single English word that accurately conveys the precise sense of the Hebrew term shamayim, “heaven/heavens.” In this context, it refers to what humans see above them, i.e., the region that contains both celestial lights (vv. 14–17) and birds (v. 20). Christian Standard Bible Study Notes: Genesis 1:6 Based on a verb that can refer to covering something with a thin sheet of metal (Nm 16:39; Is 40:19), the noun expanse always refers to the vast spread of the open sky. Genesis 1:7 God’s second act of separation was to divide atmospheric water from terrestrial water. Thus he began the process of giving form to the material world. The clause it was so, found six times in this chapter, emphasizes God’s absolute power over creation. Genesis 1:8 Sky can refer to the earth’s atmospheric envelope (v. 20), outer space (v. 15), or “heaven,” the spiritual realm where God lives (Ps 11:4). What about Job 37:18, “the skies, hard as a mirror” Job 37:18 • ...can you join him in spreading out the skies, hard as a mirror of cast bronze? F.E. points to Job 37:18 as a reference to the solid dome heavens above. Actually, in this passage, Elihu is referring to wind, clouds, lightning, storms, ice, downpours of rain, south winds. So, this “hard, cast bronze sky” is referring to a heavy storm cloud, because the wind comes to clear it up in verse 21! This is not a reference to the “vault of heaven.” This is a great example of why context is so critical in Bible study! SCRIPTURES SHOWING A SPHERICAL EARTH Isaiah 40:2 • It is He who sits above the circle of the earth F.E. says this verse only speaks of the round, flat, pancake–shaped earth; that the Hebrew word here is the same as a draftsman’s compass inscribing a circle on a flat plane. This is incorrect! This same word speaks of the “vault” of heaven—Job 22:14 • And He walks on the vault of heaven. The heavens do appear vaulted from our vantage point (even though it isn’t an actual solid dome), so Job calls the sky the “vault” of heaven. This proves that in Isaiah 40, the term “circle” can mean spherical. Now, Isaiah might actually mean “horizon”—but this verse lines up with reality either way! Job 26:7 • He stretches out the north over empty space And hangs the earth on nothing. This verse clearly states that the stars are above empty space, not a solid dome, and the earth is suspended “on” or “over” nothing! There is no mention of pillars or foundations for the earth or for the heavens. To F.E., which typically reads scripture through extreme literalism, this verse is a conundrum! Mark 1:32 • When evening came, after the sun had set… According to scripture, the sun sets by going below the horizon. The Greek word for “set” is defined by the Strong’s dictionary as, “to go into, enter. 2 go under, be plunged into, sink in.” The sun doesn’t stay above the horizon and only appear to set as an optical illusion, as F.E. demands. Deuteronomy 30:4 • (CSV) Even if your exiles are at the farthest horizon [or “ends of the earth,” or “farthest parts under heaven”], he will gather you and bring you back from there. Isaiah 13:5 • They are coming from a far country, From the farthest horizons… The word for “horizon” here is the word for heavens, and it means where the sky visibly meets the earth. Notice these verses describe people appearing in the distance on the horizon; the horizon is not where the sky dome meets the ice wall at the edge of the earth. NATURE Flat earth folks enthusiastically engage in armchair physics, astronomy, and other “sciences” to prove their cosmology, yet the simplest observations can be made of God’s creation to prove a spherical earth, and, importantly, the absurdity of this whole debate. Romans 1:20 • For since the creation of the world His invisible attributes, His eternal power and divine nature, have been clearly seen, being understood through what has been made… Romans 1:20 tells us God has revealed His attributes through Creation, so we can know Him better by studying both scripture and His vast creation. F.E. diminishes the scope of the universe, and therefore, the scope of God’s creative work, diminishing His glory and greatness. SUNRISE, SUNSET We have beautiful sunsets over our ocean; the clouds explode into riotous colors of pink, lavenders, and blues. This only happens because the sun below the horizon is shining up onto the bottom of the clouds. Sunsets like the one below would be impossible if the sun were always 3100 miles above the clouds, as F.E. teaches. You can see it with your own eyes—the earth is clearly spherical! [Source: Marcus Dall Col, Unsplash.com] ALWAYS .5 DEGREES The sun and the moon both average about 1/2 of 1 degree in apparent size. Hold up your pinky finger at arm's length—that is probably about 1 degree in width, twice the width of the moon or sun. Whether directly overhead or at the horizon, the sun and the moon are still 1/2 of 1 degree in size. (The moon might appear ginormous as it rises on the horizon, but this is a trick of scale: measure the size of the moon with that pinky finger—it is the same at any placement in the sky.) Here's the point: the size of the moon and sun don't change as they move overhead, as the flat earth model requires! If F.E. was correct, the sun, being only 3000 miles away, would be twice as large overhead at noon than its apparent size at sunset. F.E. tries to explain it this way: The thicker atmosphere light passes through at the horizon makes things only appear larger, so you can’t trust your eyes about the sun's or moon’s size. This is an absurd explanation, and completely contrary to what we can clearly observe with our own eyes. But finally, even at higher altitudes, above the thick atmosphere, the sun and moon are still always 1/2 of 1 degrees. The fact that we have solar eclipses proves the point. Even though the sun is 400 times larger than the moon, it is 400 times further away, so they always appear to be just about the same size, which is why we can have total solar eclipses. F.E. can't explain this phenomena at all. SHADOWS ON THE MOON F.E. says the moon is an independent light source—a “lesser” light. It doesn’t reflect the light of the sun. Yet, a view through a telescope shows that the mountains and craters on the moon cast shadows on its surface, and these shadows change as the moon’s phases change. It isn’t creating its own light; it is reflecting the sun. [Photo by author] THE FAR SIDE OF THE MOON The moon is visible in all regions of the earth, so we clearly know it is a sphere, or else it would look like a flat disc when it is low on the horizon. But the moon only shows one face toward the planet, as it is tidally locked with the earth. But if the flat–earth model was correct, you’d be able to see the rest of the moon’s surface—the far side of the moon—depending on where on the planet you are viewing the moon. THE ISLANDS We live along the coast; the low–lying outer Channel Islands aren’t visible until you get a couple of thousand feet above sea level, from the hills surrounding Ventura. F.E. claims humidity on the surface of the ocean obscures distant objects on the ocean, which explains why things “disappear” below the horizon. Yet, take a look for yourself! Watch a large freighter ship leave the harbor and sink below the horizon. It is an easy observation to make! Below is a popular proof of the earth’s curve: the Thorntonbank Wind Farm, which is located about 28km offshore Belgium. You can clearly see the curvature of the earth in this photo... [Source: Wiki Media Commons] CONSPIRACY As Bible–believing Christians, our true focus is on what the Bible teaches, and what Nature reveals to us about God. Yet, because F.E. makes such a huge deal about it, we need to address the NASA conspiracy. Shaping one’s beliefs based on conspiratorial fear isn’t a healthy way to form a world–view or a life of faith. NASA Freemasons Flat Earthers point out that many of those in early NASA were practicing Freemasons, therefore they were clearly concocting a global deception. The answer is: “Partially yes.” It is true that many in the 1960’s were involved in Freemasonry, even some claiming to be Christians. This is unfortunate and we don’t condone involvement in this occult fraternal society. But consider this: there have been many sincere and Biblical followers of Jesus, including famous pastors and preachers, who foolishly accepted Freemasonry’s premise that it wasn’t a religion, but rather a helpful fraternal organization. Most believed Masonry simply emphasized good moral character, hard work, and social benevolence. Only the few who progressed to the “higher” levels were exposed to its truly cultic practices. It wasn’t until the internet age, when better information about Freemasonry’s beliefs and practices became available, that involvement in it by Christians dropped off. We can perhaps forgive believers in the 1960s for ignorantly participating in this; but not so much in the 2020s! Christians Regardless of their Freemasonry connections, NASA in the 1960s had many devoted Christians in the front lines of space exploration. Some of the most well–known include: • John Glenn (Glenn, a Mercury astronaut, was a Presbyterian elder and Sunday school teacher) • Gordon Cooper (His Mercury capsule recorded him praying aloud during his flight—asking God that his experience would make him a better Christian.) • Ed White (As he made the first US spacewalk, said he sensed God’s presence with him. He planned on taking a Bible to the moon, but died in the Apollo 1 fire.) • Frank Borman, Jim Lovell, Bill Anders (On Apollo 8, these three devoted Christians read from Genesis 1 to the listening world while orbiting the moon at Christmas.) • Buzz Aldrin (Buzz, a Presbyterian, celebrated communion before walking on the moon on Apollo 11.) • Jim Irwin (A marginal Christian in his early NASA career, Jim had an overwhelming sense of God’s presence while walking on the moon on Apollo 15, leading to a rebirth of faith, and saving his marriage. He famously searched for Noah’s Ark after NASA.) • Charlie Duke (Duke became a believer a few years after his Apollo 16 mission. He says his walk with Jesus was even more exciting than his walk on the moon.) It is incredibly arrogant to slander the character and reputation of these men, suggesting they were part of a fake moon landing conspiracy. They were bold and unashamed Christians, proclaiming their faith even while exploring space, risking their lives, and even losing their lives, believing in the value of space exploration and the importance of this project for the country. NASA’s Mission NASA’s mission in the 1960s was not to promote the Big Bang, evolution, or atheism, but rather, to help beat the atheistic, communist Soviet Union in the Cold War. Science was tacked on to later Apollo missions in an attempt to expand the role of the program and make it more beneficial and interesting for the American taxpayers. After Apollo, during the Space Shuttle era, science did become a key mission of NASA. But, to be clear, the primary goal of the original space missions was to take a huge technological leap in aeronautics and beat the “godless, atheist Soviets” to the moon, which was much preferable to a nuclear conflict. And consider this: NASA isn’t the only space program today. We have many nations and even private commercial companies sending astronauts into space. These are in competition—they aren’t all working together to promote a sixty–year old fraud. If they knew this was bogus, why would they be wasting time and money on it? CONCLUSION Very simply, let’s move past foolish speculations and spiritual elitism of esoteric worldviews and conspiratorial thinking, and let us focus on Christ alone; then we can share in the beautiful unity found in Him and the clear truth of God’s word. Unless notes, all images public domain via Wikimedia.org Posted in Jeff Atchison Tagged with Worldview, Apologetics https://calvaryoxnard.org/blog/2023/03/05/the-flat-earth-movement

Hmmm……. Looks like he is on her watch list. She probably works for the Domiciliary Government and now has him locked down in the Dog House. For thought crimes he did not commit.

I really appreciate this section. The longer I live, the clearer it becomes the primary battle is in the heavenlies then manifests itself in earthly matters. The primary tool being deception leading to fueling pride for promoting vain conceit and self will. Ephesians 6:12 New International Version 12 For our struggle is not against flesh and blood, but against the rulers, against the authorities, against the powers of this dark world and against the spiritual forces of evil in the heavenly realms. The events of the past few years have demonstrated a distinction between faith and peace working itself through love vs. being hysteria prone, panic stricken, and unity at all costs without reason even though it destroys the individual and social orders. Daniel 11:32 New International Version 32 With flattery he will corrupt those who have violated the covenant, but the people who know their God will firmly resist him. Fortunately, HE gave us God The Holy Spirit to recognize the deception and act accordingly. John 16:13 New International Version 13 But when he, the Spirit of truth,comes, he will guide you into all the truth. He will not speak on his own; he will speak only what he hears, and he will tell you what is yet to come.

OK, so when I was growing up, my biological father and paterfamilias did business with a local machine shop. The local machine shop owner had this memorbilia along with a polyurethane encased cow patty among other things in his office.......... Hmmm........... Kinda wonder what all went on with his Domestic Advisor and Administrator that he should venture such a utopia???!!! After all, the stated qualifications in total appear to be unique. Any insights?

I appreciate what the presenter noted. What surprised me is the mechanisms he mentioned are typical to seasonal contagions. If I have had the flu, whatever strain, then when I am infected with another mutation or strain, my body will send the previously constructed antibodies. When that doesn't work, my body manufactures the antibodies that will combat the specific strain of whatever contagion. The antibody response to a contagion varies somewhat for everybody while generally the body adjusts and responds in developing effective natural antibodies. An interesting personal experience for me is that I received the flu vaccination for about six years in a row some time ago and got the flu nominally one half the time while vaccinated. I decided to stop the flu vaccinations since I felt about as bad or worse from the flu vaccination as the flu itself and I had a 50/50 chance of getting it anyway. So, I stopped the flu vaccination about 10 years ago and I might have had the flu once in that period. All this to say the body immune system is highly complex and has broad ranging capabilities for developing antibodies for seasonal contagions. So, vaccination for seasonal contagions is normally and for the most part not needed or productive.

So, the article CLAIMS to be RESEARCH. In REALITY, the article is PROPAGANDA. @caddieman, do YOU NOT REALLY KNOW THE DIFFERENCE???!!! I have had COVID TWICE. Shouldn't I be dead by now???!!! Of myocarditis???!!! After all, my first COVID infection was the first weekend in January of 2020. I didn't realize I had COVID then. I wanted to get it so natural immunity would kick in. When I realized I had been infected in early January 2020, I had great relief. I am safe now. I proved what I already knew. I WAS NOT GONNA DIE FROM COVID. Glad I was infected TWICE with COVID WITHOUT BEING STUPID LIKE GETTING WHACKCINATED WITH THE COVID WHACKCINATION!!! I have NOT been reinfected with COVID since March of 2021. Maybe I'll be fortunate enough to be infected this August COVID season to build stronger COVID immunity. Hope so. We'll see.

CAUTION!!! FOUL LANGUAGE!!! To your point, one must change out MULTIPLE MONKEYS AND INSTRUCT/TRAIN the new monkeys on the INITIATION COMBAT DRILL!!! Of course, they need to be honorable monkeys and share the banana. Or find new bananas!!! Better check first to ensure the banana isn't a turd in a banana peel. Upper Management LOVES to motivate people with feel good and honorary incentives that have no real meaning!!!

@yota691 Many Thanks for posting @caddieman's THEME SONG!!!

https://www.usatoday.com/videos/news/2022/07/22/astronaut-buzz-aldrins-space-jacket-up-auction-new-york/10132177002/ No, photo of Nixon with moon picture isn't proof the moon landing was a hoax | Fact check Chris Mueller USA TODAY The claim: Post implies image of lunar surface in Nixon's office proves moon landing was fake An Aug. 1 Instagram post (direct link, archive link) shows President Richard Nixon sitting at a desk while holding a phone to his ear. "Nixon talking to Apollo 11 on a landline phone with a picture taken from the moon in the background," reads text on the image. "Take your time." Some commenters saw the post as evidence the moon landing was faked. The post was liked more than 200 times in three days. Follow us on Facebook!Like our page to get updates throughout the day on our latest debunks Our rating: Missing context The implied claim here is wrong. The image shows Nixon speaking to the astronauts on the Apollo 11 mission. The framed photo on the wall behind him, though, was taken during the earlier Apollo 8 mission. ‘Earthrise' was taken during Apollo 8 mission On July 20, 1969, Nixon spoke to Apollo 11 astronauts Neil Armstrong and Edwin "Buzz" Aldrin shortly after they became the first humans to set foot on the moon. Nixon, who described the two-minute conversation as “the most historic phone call ever made from the White House,”made the call from a phone in the White House's Oval Office, which was linked to the astronauts by NASA's Mission Control Center in Houston. A video from the Richard Nixon Presidential Library shows Nixon talking to the Apollo 11 astronauts, and it also shows a framed photo of the lunar surface hanging on a nearby wall. In a slightly different video of the same event from BBC America, Nixon is shown from a similar angle as the image in the Instagram post. Fact check: False claim moon visible during daytime is proof of flat Earth However, the photo on Nixon's wall of Earth rising over the moon's surface wasn't taken during that same Apollo 11 mission, as the post implies. Instead, the photo, which became known as "Earthrise," was taken more than six months earlier on Dec. 24, 1968, by astronaut Bill Anders aboard Apollo 8, the first crewed spacecraft to circumnavigate the moon, according to NASA. The picture isn't proof the moon landing was faked. Evidence that the NASA crewed moon landings occurred includes photos and videos captured by astronauts on the moon as well as modern satellite photos documenting past lunar activity. While there had been differing accounts of who took the "Earthrise" photo, a visualization created with data from NASA's Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiterrevealed Anders took it. The social media user who shared the post could not be reached for comment. Our fact-check sources: NASA, July 20, 2019, July 20, 1969: One Giant Leap For Mankind NASA, Dec. 23, 2020, Apollo 8: Earthrise NASA, Dec. 21, 2018, The Story Behind Apollo 8's Famous Earthrise Photo NASA, Dec. 21, 2018, Earthrise in 4K Richard Nixon Foundation, accessed Aug. 7, Apollo 11 Astronauts Talk With Richard Nixon From the Surface of the Moon Wired, Feb. 21, 2014, Tech Time Warp of the Week: Watch President Nixon Dial the Moon in 1969 Space Center Houston, accessed Aug. 7, Historic Mission Control Center Richard Nixon Presidential Library, March 30, 2011, President Nixon speaking with astronauts Armstrong and Aldrin on the Moon (YouTube) BBC America, July 19, 2019, 1st Moon Phone Call | Moon Landing Live | BBC America Smithsonian Magazine, accessed Aug. 7, Who Took the Legendary Earthrise Photo From Apollo 8? https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/factcheck/2023/08/07/earthrise-photo-in-nixons-office-taken-during-apollo-8-fact-check/70528054007/

Whoopsies!!! The Earth REALLY is Spherical (geoidal) in shape. Praise The LORD!!! Sunrises AND Sunsets PROVE The Earth REALLY is Spherical (geoidal) in shape!!! So, WHERE, pray tell, are the videos of the sun circling ABOVE the Earth???!!!

I believe The Bible to be accurate in what The Bible states. One key piece is to go back as far as possible to the original text and translate into the current state of the language that is not the language of the original text. In the case of Ron Wyatt, Ron has garnered a lot of attention and scrutiny. I urge everyone to separate the Message from the Messanger and weigh the elements of the Message. For example, my opinion is Ron Wyatt is spot on with his conclusion regarding the Dead Sea Crossing (through the Gulf of Aqaba) and Jabal al Lawz. The reason these items are important to me is for testimony in witnessing. The Bible is reliable not only in the Archealogical, Historical, and Scientific referrences (from the original language and text) but more importantly the Spiritual Truth it represents. The Bible can be trusted in the original recording in the original language. Ron Wyatt makes some quite astonding claims, some of which I can not prove or disprove, whereas they are all worth evaluating. I recommend each person considering watching the video and making their own (verifiable) conclusions for the stated claims. Enjoy!

The illegitimate President Hidin' Joe Biden MUST BE CICed OUT!!!

Adam Montana and Affiliates are exceptional service providers. Adam Montana and Affiliates do not have control of the Bicraqi Iraqi or the RV/RI of the Bicraqi Iraqi Dinar. Frustrating, I know, while reporting on inconclusive matters isn't really productive. I trust Adam Montana's judgement on what and when to report. If it was me, I would have pushed the RV/RI button a long time ago. Adam Montana and Affiliates DO NOT PUSH THE RV/RI BUTTON. Considering actual conditions, the RV/RI would have been short lived and unsustainable while even counter productive. So........................ We wait. Patience Grass Hoppahz!!!..................... Go Moola Nova!

Sounds like the plan!!!

Hidin' Joe Biden is more than useless compared to mammary glands on an overly mature male swine!!!!

I FIFY @boosterbglee!!!

And CO2 is our enemy, too. So, OK, the article below provides information that we are ALL gonna die at either an atmospheric CO2 level of nominally 150 ppm (too little) or 2,000 ppm (too much). We are currently at an atmospheric CO2 level of, nominally, 350 - 400 ppm. Big. Whoop. With the higher CO2 levels, higher atmospheric temperatures to 36 C (97 F) are fully needed where a whopping 450% plant growth can be achieved with the higher atmospheric CO2 levels AND higher atmospheric temperatures!!! What the Green House Gases/Glow Bull Warming IDIOTS will NOT tell us!!! Obviously, CO2 levels influence more than plant growth, such as water and ocean water acidity, whereas being nominally twice the necessary atmospheric CO2 concentration is NONE to be concerned about. How CO2 impacts Ideal Temperature for Growing Plants by Gabriel Lombardo September 23, 2022 4 min read For indoor growers, it is critical to maximize productivity using limited resources and space, while keeping costs at a minimum. If you don’t understand how CO2 supplementation influences photosynthesis and plant growth, you’re limiting the productivity and profitability of your operation. This guide helps indoor plant growers and greenhouse owners easily and effectively improve plant productivity and quality by understanding how CO2 enrichment influences plant growth, and how it interacts with the driving force behind plant transpiration: VPD. Quick Summary Higher CO2 concentrations increase the ideal temperature for photosynthesis. During photosynthesis, plants absorb both water and CO2 from the soil and air, but as temperatures increase, VPD increases, stomata close, and the uptake of CO2 is reduced, causing plant stress. As a result, it is critical for growers to maintain ideal VPD levels at higher temperatures. To achieve optimal VPD at higher temperatures, humidity levels must be increased. At higher humidity levels, there is a greater risk of plants getting diseases (bud rot, powdery mildew, etc.) and pests, which need to be managed. To take advantage of increased CO2 levels, maintain optimal VPD by increasing relative humidity while managing pest and disease risk. What CO2 Does for Plants CO2 is used for photosynthesis, the process that plants use to produce energy in the form of glucose. During photosynthesis, chlorophyll absorbs light into a plant’s cells, which helps synthesize nutrients from water and CO2. Oxygen is released back into the air, and CO2 is transformed into glucose, a sugar molecule which provides plants with fuel to grow. Chemical reactions occur during photosynthesis. The main chemical reaction is 6CO2 + 6H2O + light yields C6H12O6 + 6O2. This means that carbon dioxide + water + light yields glucose + oxygen. Studies have been conducted analyzing the effects of higher temperatures and CO2 concentration with the yield of increased crop growth. Higher concentrations of CO2 have been found to increase healthy plant growth. A study was conducted to determine the effects of higher CO2 concentration and the cultivation of Japanese rice. Crop yields increased for all five different cultivators studied, ranging from 3.4% to 30.3%. Another study compared the net rate of photosynthesis in tomato plants at different CO2 concentrations and different light intensities. The results determined that both net photosynthesis and optimal growing temperature increase dramatically with an increase in CO2 concentration regardless of light intensity. A different study compared the effect of elevated CO2 concentration and higher temperature on potato crop yields. This study concluded that although elevated temperatures alone can negatively influence the growth of potatoes, a higher CO2 concentration in conjunction with higher temperatures promotes healthier production and better quality of potato crops. How Does Photosynthesis get Influenced by CO2 CO2 is an essential component of photosynthesis. This is important for greenhouse production that aims to optimize crop yield. For the majority of greenhouse crops, increasing CO2 levels to 1000 ppm (parts per million) results in an increase in photosynthesis by 50% over ambient CO2 levels. A scientific study was conducted to determine the effects of elevated CO2 concentration on photosynthesis with a perspective on root sugars. The study concluded that the production of carbohydrates was increased in plants grown under conditions with higher CO2 concentration due to an increase in photosynthesis. The plants also produced more sucrose (sugar) which regulates nutrient acquisition. This study provides insight about positive changes that could occur in plant roots grown in conditions with higher CO2 concentration. The enzyme Rubisco, short for Ribulose-1,5 -bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase, is an abundant enzyme that is involved in carbon fixation. Carbon fixation is a process by which CO2 in the atmosphere is converted during photosynthesis to form glucose. Another study examined how Rubisco catalyzes photosynthentic reactions involving O2 and CO2 gases. The results determined that, at equal concentrations of the gases, Rubisco binds CO2 stronger than it does O2. This suggests that this enzyme can act as a reservoir for CO2 storage. This finding is significant because it provides insights on how to reduce plant stress due to elevated temperatures. Increasing CO2 concentration can improve Rubisco efficiency. This in turn helps build resilience in crops and improve yield at higher temperatures. How Much CO2 do Plants Need Average outdoor CO2 levels are normally around 400 ppm, which achieves normal outdoor plant growth. Greenhouse and indoor plants grow better with CO2 concentration of at least two to three times that of outdoor levels (800 to 1200 ppm). CO2 levels above 2000 ppm are toxic to plants, and most experts agree that 1500 ppm is the maximum CO2 level for maximum plant growth. The Relationship Between CO2 and Ideal Photosynthesis Temperature The rate of photosynthesis increases as temperature increases. The optimal temperature for photosynthesis, however, is dependent on CO2 concentration. A scientific study about CO2 examined the net photosynthesis rate of big tooth aspen leaves growing under two different CO2 concentrations at various temperatures. At a low CO2 saturation of 325 ppm, optimal growing temperature was around 25 degrees Celsius. At 1935 ppm of CO2, the net photosynthetic rate was boosted by 450% at an optimal growing temperature of 36 degrees Celsius. It was also determined that the transition from life sustaining to life depleting conditions in this plant species occurs at around 39 degrees Celsius. Conclusion When supplementing CO2, plants grow bigger and faster, but need higher temperatures and humidity to really take advantage of the higher CO2 levels. Growers can greatly improve yields by leveraging this knowledge about how CO2, Temperature and VPD interact. To really see how these forces influence your garden, you need to have an accurate and reliable way to monitor their parameters. Pulse Pro monitors CO2, VPD, temperature, humidity, PAR and other key agricultural data types, and helps you keep track of and optimize the environment. It makes growing plants indoors safe, simple, and worry-free for growers of any size. References / Further Reading Take a look at this article on how to track CO2 concentration and VPD levels for optimal plant growth. https://pulsegrow.com/blogs/learn/ideal-co2-levels-and-room-temperature-for-optimal-indoor-plant-growth

Looks like foreign entities are manufacturing biological agents/weapons on our soil. I am not sure the COVID variant noted here and the associated effects on humans to include lethality. A planned release or releases on We The People? With Chinese entities purchasing large quantities of land near sensitive domestic bases, reason would suggest bio and/or other weapons would be manufactured and discharged from these sites to impede or eliminate a military action. COVID is likely one of many bio agents that have varying effects on humans to include acute and chronic lethality being manufactured on our soil by malicious entities. I am fully supportive of selective seizure and nationalization of property and lands controlled by hostile foreign entities even if we need to torch the place(s) to neutralize the manufactured agents.

Yeah. Give 'em the boot to THEIR own country FIRST THEN nuke em ALL!!! Not here, of course. Of course, send a minimum of 500 Liberals per individual with each individual to the individual's originating country. Then. And. Only. Then. BOOM!!! Game. Over. Problem. Solved.

I have enjoyed and appreciate what Amir Tsarfati has presented from a Biblical Perspective and matters pertaining to the last days. It is with a heavy heart to note the section from 41:40 through 45:40 with the inaccurate depiction of Love and a Sound Mind. Love doesn't step aside and let people practice self destructive ways without warning them specifically and identifying the real issue and source of the deception. A Sound Mind doesn't abandon Truth and accept error and pracitce error based on some authoratative entity that has no basis for instituting a destuctive practice. Those wanting to practice self destructive ways and demand adherence to authortative entities demanding adherence to the destructive practices will misconstrue Love and a Sound Mind. The COVID psychological programming has fueled the Manchurian Candidates into a panic stricken and hysteria prone frenzy to self destruct and destroy sustainalbe social orders to eliminate Love and a Sound Mind. My opinion (please note the words, "my opinion") is Born Again Believers In God The Son Jesus Christ (especially the leaders) will suffer persecution and harm for NOT having stood and accurately vocalized the relatively mild affects of COVID AND THE DIRE EFFECTS OF THE COVID Whackcination as the deceived realize self elimination. The psychological operation is in full deployment labeling Truth speakers about COVID and the COVID Whackcination as stupid, liars, conspiracists, and hard core evil. https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-12339009/Critics-slam-Elon-Musk-suggesting-Covid-vaccine-responsible-Bronny-James-cardiac-arrest-brand-bottomless-pit-attention-addiction.html I believe it is irresponsible to allow (even encourage) some one to languish in their psychological, pathological, psychotic, and/or political maladies. These maladies ultimately undermine Love and a Sound Mind. Love and a Sound Mind we all need, want, and cherish.

Bump I have been seeing a higher frequency of illness from those "whackcinated".

I fully agree, MD11Fr8Dawg!!! I particulary find the, "you need to have your head surgically removed from your Arse" ENTIRELY CORRECT AND APROPOS!!! I could NOT have stated MORE "clearly"!!! THANK YOU!!!

Toast.............. https://abcnews.go.com/GMA/News/video/pence-trumps-words-actions-jan-reckless-93323485 Unbelievable the magnitude of betrayal, sedition, and treachery!!!

Well said! Thank You. I have been unsuccessful in finding the news report on the 24 The United States Of America Military Leaders that were shot down in flight over Texas during the Clinton Administration. They all perished in the incident. I remember the news story at the time but, obviously, my memory isn't totally correct. I think the news story was a flight incident and not being shot down. It might not have actually happened over Texas. Like the military training exercises with fatalities. A cover for a covert operation where the military personnel were killed. Does anyone else remember this? Pretty sure the 24 The United States Of America Military Leaders where going to address the TREASONOUS ACTS of Hilly and Billy. EXPECIALLY with the Chinese Communist Party.