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E-government is the right of the citizen


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E-government is the right of the citizen

Date: April 15, 2017
 
 
Neniraq

Writer / Jamil Odeh Ibrahim

The governments of the world are racing to establish what is known as e-government. For a long time, many countries in the world have adopted the concept of "e-government" in both developed and developing countries through the use of ICT on the Internet in various administrative, , Which allowed the government and its citizens opportunities to communicate away from routine routines.

The United States is one of the first countries to adopt e-government and create e-citizens, with US citizens leading the way in the use of information technology. The number of users of personal computers is approximately 70%, while 60% They became electronic citizens. America seeks to implement public and inclusive policies that push these rates up. Encouraged by this, it provides approximately 70% of the cost compared to the cost of providing the same service through direct or traditional transactions.

According to the United Nations E-Government Report of February 2012, the United Arab Emirates has made significant progress in the field of e-government worldwide, jumping from 49th to 28th in the world, the first in the Arab world.The number of internet users in the UAE has reached about 21% of the population, a large percentage compared to other Arab countries.

What does "e-government" mean? What are their political, economic and administrative benefits? How can it be said that "e-government" has become a universal human right, and for citizens in countries that adopt information and communication technology in public administration in particular?

In many undeveloped countries, some governments continue to serve their citizens directly through interviews or indirectly via telephone. However, as a result of the rapid development of digital technology and Internet connectivity, developed countries have gone beyond the concept of direct service delivery to indirect service delivery Through what is now known as the system of digital government or e-government; it has become possible to submit applications and clearance of many transactions directly through the computer and the Internet.The citizen is also able to obtain all forms of government transactions from the website of the relevant governmental institution on the World Wide Web or the web.

E-government means the use of ICT to improve the performance of government services. In other words, changing the method of service performance from a routine, bureaucratic and multiple procedures to a method that depends on the use of ICT to improve the performance of government services, in order to provide the citizen in an easy way through the Internet, which saves a lot of effort and money to them, .

E-government refers to the uses of ICTs, such as external communication networks, Internet sites, and computer systems by government agencies. The adoption of e-government affects the basic relationship between government agencies on the one hand and citizens and their business on the other. else. Iraq has defined e-government as the use of ICT to provide government services to citizens, businesses and civil society organizations.

The aim of the e-government is to facilitate the provision of services to citizens as quickly and accurately as possible. It also aims to reduce the costs related to government departments from paper transactions, rent of premises, water, electricity and communications, and increase the efficiency, transparency and accuracy of the government's work through dealing with citizens and business establishments.

The establishment of e-government means taking into account all the government's practices in the real world, both in terms of the relationship between government institutions, the relationship between government institutions and private sector institutions, or the relationship between government institutions and citizens, taking into consideration the work program of each governmental institution within the e-government In order to find out the pros and cons in order to overcome the negatives and unify the way the government institutions work in the common aspects when converting the work to e-government.

There is no doubt that the concept of e-government is a broad and comprehensive concept that expands its applications to include many fields, not only to pay bills and some other simple transactions, but also includes everything that is governmental so that it can be performed by a computer connected to the Internet or through the phone or mobile device Without the need to be personally present at the place of access to the service.

In fact, "e-government" has been divided into eight types of e-government, which governments seek to implement either immediately or gradually:

(1) Government to the citizen: the provision of public services by the government to the citizen directly through information and communications.

And (2) citizen to the government: to provide the government by the citizen with information and communications.

And (iii) government for business: initiates e-business initiatives such as electronic acquisition, opening an electronic market for government procurement; and conducting government procurement tenders through electronic means of information and goods exchange.

And (4) business for the government: that is to provide the government with economic and commercial activities through electronic means of selling goods and services.

And (5) Government employees: Initiating initiatives that facilitate civil service management and internal communications with government officials so that the submission of electronic job applications can be made and decided without paper in the e-office.

And (vi) Government to Government: directly provides government departments or agencies with cooperation and communications and with massive government databases to influence efficiency and effectiveness; and also include internal exchange of information and equipment.

And (7) the government of non-profit organizations: The government provides the NGOs, political parties, social organizations and legislative bodies with information.

And (8) government non-profit institutions: exchange of information and communication between government, charities, political parties, social organizations and legislative bodies.

In fact, "e-government" is a means to improve government performance to become more efficient and effective. Therefore, the adoption of e-government is a process of change that will help expand the areas of citizens and businessmen to participate in the new knowledge-based economy. Engage citizens and civil society in policy discussion and decision support, in a manner that is more understanding of citizens and their needs.

In order for e-government to be effective, there must be many elements and requirements such as the need for a computer, so that e-government employees can perform their duties within the scope of e-government and request and use the service. This is done through an electronic network connected to those computers.

The presence of the human element is indispensable in the performance of e-government. The public employee must know the use of these computers and their applications, and be trained and have the scientific qualifications to enable him to perform his duties in the use of e-government. It is also important to develop government institutions: Successful implementation of the e-government strategy requires organizational changes within government institutions. Traditional management methods are not commensurate with e-government applications that require flexibility and speed in decision making. Orientation towards specialization and division of labor, in turn increases the tendency towards integration of jobs and reduce administrative levels, and reduce the levels of control.

And enable citizens to deal with e-government: that the citizen has a computer and knowledge and knowledge of ways to deal with e-government, which entails the educational institutions responsible for the development of curricula and techniques of education in accordance with the data of the electronic age, and requires increasing awareness and culture of citizens and accept them to use e-government.

We conclude from this that the use of e-government has advantages and characteristics, including:

1- Compiling all information activities and services in one subject, the government's official website.

2 - Achieve the speed and effectiveness of connectivity, coordination, performance and achievement between the government departments themselves and each government department separately.

3. Permanent contact with citizens (24 hours a day, 7 days a week, 365 days a year).

4- The ability to provide all the educational and service needs of citizens.

5 - Achieving an abundance of spending on all elements, while achieving better returns from government activities with a return on trade.

6. Reduce reliance on paperwork.

7. Transparency in dealing.

8. Breaking geographical and population barriers.

Conclusion: The e-government project is based on the basic idea of investing in information and communication technologies, preparing the human element and linking citizen, government institutions, business institutions and civil society organizations in a unified electronic format that enables the various transactions between these parties to be done as quickly and easily as possible. And, in particular, achieves business advantages that maximize the performance of its multiple functions within the distinct uses of the digital economy.

Source / network of informatics news

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